Below the place, where the leaves proceed,. j that this smaller kind of Ts rng-lii and the 
But Li- 
Wang -.mi are the same. 
there is a fibrous integument, formed by 
several strata of entangled fibres. When 
one circuit has ceased growing, it forms a, . , . 
joint on the stem. The trunk is of a reddish plant, identical with the 
brown colour; the wood is fibrous and veined. 
It can be used fur stamps and for manufac- 
turing domestic utensils. In the 3rd month, 
1 shi-chen proves, that Waug-sui is another 
'f Ti-fu. * 
m J 
The Tsung-lii seems to be the only Palm 
known to the Chinese in the most ancient 
from amidst the leaves at the top of the i times, at least the character jgJ Tsung occurs 
trunk, there issue several yellow bunches, 
formed of young fiowerbudo, in appearance 
like fisliroe ; therefore they are called /fa 
Tsung-yu (vu=fish ;) another name is 
■m 
I X 
Tm tig -sun (sun=Bamboo sprouts.) 
These buuclus gradually expand and form 
/ +1- 
of light yellow 
a large panicle ( ^ 
H iwors. In the 8th or 9th month the fruits 
are formed. They are abundant and crowd- 
ed together in large racemes. The fruit is 
in the Shan-hai-king or “ Hill and River 
Classic,” which the Chinese attribute to the 
Emperor Yii (2:200 B. C.) It is there said 
that at the „y£j Shi- Ism hill and at the 
~jC 7]'j‘ T'ien-ti hills a great many Tsung 
trees grow. The ancient Chinese Botany Nan- 
fang-tsao ike. (4th cent) mentions the tree as 
* IF 
Ping -lie. 
As regards the geographical distribution 
of the tree in China, according to Chinese 
sources, the ancient Chinese works, quoted 
about the size of a bean and of a yellowish ; n ^ ie Pen-ts‘ao, mention it as growing in 
Ling-nan (Southern China beyond the Mei- 
ling mountains) and Ssii-clTuan. It is further 
said there, that it was planted also in Kiang- 
nan (the modern Kiangsi and Fukien,) but 
it did not grow easily. In the Wu-lii-ti-li-chi 
(T'ang dynasty 618-907) it is stated, that on 
colour as long as unripe, but when ripe 
black and very hard. The Chinese consider 
the Tsung-lii as a tree of great utility 
( #j-) Besides the above 
mentioned use of the wood, the fibres are 
w > ven into various articles of domestic use, 
, cl '.thing, hats, cushions, mats to sleep on &c 
4 ■ -s are also made from 
ive injury by many years im- 
i in water. Tile Chinese authors 
tt . iuu the fibres must be removed from 
._■■ ■) or three times a year, for they I chi.] 
Bv omitting to do 
the hills near fa Lin-yiien-sien 
the fibres, which there is an abundance of Ping-lli trees. 
[Up to the T‘ang dynasty the modern Wu- 
lin-sien (Chang-te-fu in the province of Hu- 
nan) was called Lin-ytian-sien. Cf. Yi-tung- 
O 
as 
y. <r 77' fa” In the great geography of the Empire, Yi- 
, 7 1 "' 11 ' aill jr tung-chi, and in the special description of 
; u tm frequently or tT> tree 
bared. The s.im • work quotes an - » • , r ,.. . 
■' • ^ 1 . producing isung-lu trees. 
in- of the i 1th century who states, that in 
%fj Wn (the modern province of Ssu- .^hao-sing-fu (Shau-yin-sien) — Tai-chou-fu 
,taa) tin Tsuug-sun (rlie flowerbuds of (Ning-hai-sien.) — Kii-chou-fu (Chang-shan- 
the tree, v. s.,) gathered in the first or second sien.) — Ycu-chou-fu (in all districts.) 
month, are used as food, especially by Province of An-hui Chi-chou-fu.— Liu- 
Buddhist priests, who prepare them by boiling an-chou. 
like Bamboo sprouts, &c. — The Pen-ts-ao 
the single provinces i find the following 
departments and districts mentioned 
•oduciug Tsung-lii tree 
Province of Che-kicmg : — Hang-chou-fu 
states finally, that in Southern China, there 
can be distinguished two kinds of the Tsung- 
lii tree, the one bears a fibrous integument, 
used for making ropes, the other is smaller, 
without fibres ; its leaves can be used for 
brooms. Some authors were of opinion, 
Shapis flaballiformis is, known at Canton by tlie popu- 
lar names Tsung-chu ("Palm bamboo; or 
Chu-tsimg i Bamboo p, m,' and that it is a tree of no 
importance or celebrity. Rliapis flabelliformis is des- 
Province of Hu-nan : — The Tsung-lii tr, 
is generally mentioned in the Hu nan-tur 
chi. 
Province of Kiang-si FTan-an-fu. 
Provinces of Kui-chou and Fun-nan (gen- 
erally mentioned.) 
Province of Kuang-si : — Kui-lin-fu. 
* Ti-fu or 
•7/ 
Sao-chou-tsao (Ei join 
cribvd in Bentham’s pi. ra Hongkong. -nsis. The syno- plant, 4 P. XVI 44. Cli. W. XI. 31, is the Kochia (Clem- 
nym Rhapix kwanwort&ik llerm. Vondl. quoted there- podium) Scoparia. This pretty shrub grows 
Ill SCVSU.N ro bi* derived 1 from a Chinese name of the whereat Peking and is much cultivated also in 
piant in the Southern dialect. | dens where it takes the shape of a dense bushy globe. 
