The qomrnon Lemon tree at Peking is 
frequently raised in a dwarf form in pots as 
an ornamental shrub and also on account of 
the lemons, which it produces and which do 
not differ from our European lemons. It is 
called Siang-Pao and may have 
been introduced. This name is not in Chi- 
nese books. The name Ning- 
meng given to the Lemon in Bridgman’s 
Chrest. p. 443, is also not to be found in 
Chinese books. Perhaps by these sounds 
the Hindustan name of the Lemon, being 
Nee-m.oo , is rendered. 
The ^ S'iang-yiian (P. XXX 36 Ch. 
W. XXXI.) is an acid O r an ge of great size 
cultivated at Peking. The peel is thick and 
very wrinkled. The Peu-tsao identifies the 
the Siang-yuan with the ijffj Fo- 
shou-kan (Buddha’s hand). P. XXX 36 
Ch. W. XXXI. But these fruits are very 
different, as is stated also in the Kuang-kiin- 
fang-pu LXY. p. 15 and 19. The Fo-shou- 
kan is the celebrated Fingered Citron , Citrus 
sarcodaetylus, with its lobes separating into 
finger-like divisions. This division is not 
produced artificially. The Siang-yuan is 
first described in the Xan-fang-Bsao-mu- 
chuang (4th century), but the Fo-shou-kan 
is not there mentioned. 
Among the trees, fruits and herbs, which 
are enumerated in the lih-ya and the classics 
and which therefore must be indigenous in 
China, I would yet mention the following: 
Huai, Sophora japonica (P. XXXV® 
31 Ch. W. XXXIII).— |Jg Lien , Pride of 
India, Melia Azedarach ( P. XXXV® 28 
Ch. W. XXXIII).-fg ^ Wu-Pung, or 
CFen, Sterculia platanifolia (P. XXXV® 
25 Ch. W. XXXV). — Sang , Mulber- 
ry-tree (P. XXXVI, Ch. W. XXXIII). 
The wild Mulberry-tree is called Yen 
in the Shu-king (Tribute of Yli). — 
Nie Nie, or Feng, Liquidambar formosa- 
na (P. XXXIV. 43 Ch. W. XXXV).— gg 
Tsi, the Varnish tree (I J . XXXV® 17 Ch 
W. XXXIII) is mentioned in the materia 
medica of Emperor Sheii-nung and in the 
Shu-king (Tribute of Yii). Dr. S. W. Wil- 
liams states in his Chinese Commercial Guide, 
“ The varnish used in making lackered ware 
is the resinous sap of one or more species 
of Sumach (Rhus or Vernix vernica) and 
the Augia Sinensis Lour., which grow best 
in Kiang-si, Che-kiang, Ssn-chuan. The 
natives however call only one sort Tsi-shu 
or varnish tree.” Lindley (Treasury of Bot- 
any p. 1210) states that Culophyllum Augia 
yields the Chinese Varnish. The represen- 
tation of the Tsi-shu in the Ch. W. seems to 
relate to a Sumach. 
The characters Chu and Kao 
(cf. Rh-ya and Shi-king) denotes the Ailan- 
thus glandulosa, the Vernis du Japon of the 
French. The commentator of the Rh-ya 
ranges this tree among the varnish trees, as 
do the 
rapidly 
Peking ; 
of the 
French. It grows very easily and 
and can be found everywhere in 
it thrives even between the bricks 
Peking walls.— A much celebrated 
tree of the Chinese is the CFun , 
Cedrela sinensis. The Pen-ts‘ao states, that 
this is the same tree, mentioned in the Shu- 
king (Tribute of Yii) under the character' 
;|ofl Ch'-un as being used for bows. The 
Cedrela sinensis grows also at Peking. The 
fragrant leaf-buds in spring are used by the 
Chinese for food. Now-a-days the Chinese 
apply the character Ch‘un to both, the Ai- 
lanthus and the Cedrela, and distinguish the 
first as J hff Clvou- CJPwn (stinking 
Ch‘un), on account of the disagreeable odour 
of the flowers, — the Cedrela 
as 
1 
Siang-chHm , (fragrant Ch‘un). The large 
pinnate leaves of both trees are very like in 
appearance, but the botanist distinguishes 
them easily, by Ailanthus having two little 
glands near the basis of the leaflets. Good 
drawings of these trees can be found in the 
Ch. W. XXXV. See also P. XXXV® 12. 
I have already stated above, that the 
Nenuphar is mentioned in the Rh-ya. It is 
therefore indigenous in China as well as two 
other water-plants the Trapa natans and 
Euryale ferox. Trapa natans Caltrop bears 
the Chinese names Ki and 
Ling-hue , (P. XXXIII 26 Ch. W. XXXII). 
Euryale ferox is called Kien or 
Ki-tou (fowl’s head) (P XXXIII 27 Cff 
W. XXXII). Mention is made of both in 
the Chou-li V. 35, Riot’s translation Ip. 108. 
The character "Np Yii denoting Taro, 
Arum esculentum (Colocasia antiquorum ?) 
does not occur in the ancient classics, but 
the dictionary Shuo-wen (100 A. I).) de- 
scribes this plant P. XXXII 31 Ch. IV. IV.) 
The YamsJgname of the French, Diosco- 
raea , of whicli several species are cultivated 
in China (D. Batatas, D. alata, D. sativa,) is 
called |||- ^ Shu-yii or |J_| fj|| Shan- 
yao in Chinese books (P. XXVII 33 Ch. 
W. III). The latter name is in use at Peking. 
Dioscorea is indigenous in China, for it Is 
mentioned in tlie most ancient works, the 
