Growth of Roots and Shoots . 277 
The nine cylinders were arranged in three series of three 
each ; and care was taken that each series included cuttings 
of large, medium, and small diameter, in equal proportion. 
With this object in view, the cuttings were carefully assorted 
in a large vessel full of water, before the commencement of 
the experiment. All the nine cylinders were placed in the 
cold house of my Botanical Laboratory. 
At intervals of from two to seven days, according to the 
prevailing conditions of temperature, the cylinders were in- 
spected, and the water which they contained was occasionally 
changed during the course of the experiment. 
In Series 1, the cuttings remained uninjured throughout 
the whole course of the experiment. In Series 2, the de- 
veloping buds, and in Series 3 the developing roots, were 
carefully removed. For this purpose the covers were lifted, 
and the operation was rapidly performed with scissors. In 
order that the conditions in Scries 1 might be identical with 
those of Series 2 and 3, the cuttings of Series 1 were lifted 
out of the water, and the roots exposed to the air, for the 
same length of time. 
The experiment was concluded on April 11, that is after 
two months and four days. An examination of the wood for 
the presence of starch showed that it was only completely 
absent from the stoutest cuttings of Series 1 and 3, whilst it 
was still to be detected in the wood-parenchyma and in the 
medullary rays of all the others. 
It was already noticeable on March 10, that the roots of 
those cuttings whose developing shoots had been removed 
(i. e. Series 2) were, on the whole, shorter than those of the 
uninjured cuttings (Series 1). By March 28, this difference 
had become still more apparent. In Series i, the roots were 
more numerous and longer, and bore numerous lateral roots 
attaining a maximum length of 2*5 cm. In Series 2, the 
roots were shorter and less numerous ; some of them bore no 
lateral roots, whilst others bore lateral roots only a few mm. 
long. At the close of the experiment on April it, tertiary 
root-branches were developed to some extent in Series 1, 
