Curvature of Roots. 435 
one of these that had made a vigorous growth, as it appeared 
thirty hours after release from the cast. 
Three other specimens of the same species, in which the 
experiment was varied merely as regards intervals of time, 
gave the same results. The radicles were kept in casts seven 
hours, and fifteen hours after their release were strongly 
deflected, the tip of one being nearly horizontal. 
17. Three specimens of Lupinus albus , branded as usual, 
were kept in plaster-casts forty-seven hours. One hour and 
twenty minutes after their release two were plainly beginning 
to curve. Fig. 9 represents one of these as it appeared six 
hours, and Fig. 10 forty-eight hours, after release from the 
cast. The third radicle remained straight, apparently as the 
result of burning too deeply. All three, when examined two 
days subsequent to their release, were seen to have become 
regenerated. 
18. Two specimens of Lupinus albus that had been in casts 
seventy-two hours after previous branding were released and 
allowed to grow in water twenty-four hours. At the end of 
this time one showed distinct deflection, though the curve 
extended only a short distance from the extremity, as shown 
in Fig. 11. From the extreme point of the tip to the middle 
of the bend was 2*5 mm. The other specimen was doubtful, 
though possibly slightly curved. 
19. A specimen of Lupinus albus, the radicle of which had 
been in a cast 146 hours after previous branding, was released, 
and twenty-two hours later was seen to be strongly deflected 
(cf. Fig. 1 2, in which ;r is the branded spot, still easily recog- 
nized). Two other specimens of the same lot were removed 
150 hours after placing them in casts, and nineteen hours 
later were slightly curved. 
20. A specimen of Lupinus albus that had been in a cast 
eight days and six hours after previous branding was re- 
leased and examined after it had been allowed to grow in 
water eighteen hours. At the end of this time it had grown 
but little in length, but was plainly curving away (Fig. 13). 
The short mechanical bend at x appeared as usual. The 
