Ward. — Recent Researches on the Parasitism of Fungi. 25 
(f) Autumn Wheat in tubes in 1894 to 1899 and in case in the spring of 1894. 
In spring, 1894, put 10 seedlings in tubes: — 
In 4 tubes = plants died in 3-4 weeks. 
In 2 tubes = cotton carried away by wind. 
In 2 tubes = plant died in 3 months. 
In 2 tubes = pustules showed in about 40 days. 
These tubes were in the midst of badly rusted Wheat of the same plot, &c. 
Another tube, started May 11, showed pustules in about 40 days. A large case, 
covering a tuft, showed pustules in 2 months after covering, and soon after rust 
appeared outside ! In 1895 = 5 tubes of Horsford on April 23 and 5 tubes Rye 
May 20, and in 1896 on May 8 = 5 tubes of the same Wheat. 
All gave negative results, and Eriksson says because it was a poor rust year. 
But 1897 was a favourable rust year. Here we have 5 tubes on May 5, of 
which 2 soon died, 3 bore pustules. 
Yet Eriksson says these cases prove non-infection from outside, because 
(1) Where could infective spores come from? 
(2) Uredospores could not survive the winter ! 
(3) Even if they could they would need but 10, not 40-41 days for incubation ! 
Yet Eriksson admits that Erysiphe appeared in such tubes, and, later, that 
Aphides appeared. Does he intend to argue that these were carried in the seed? 
He argues that the pustules were (1) either due to teleutospores , which is absurd ; 
or (2) to mycoplasm ! 
The results of (f) may therefore be summarized as follows : — - 
10 + 1 + 15 + 5 = 31 tubes. 
1 case = 1 
Total 32 
i. e. = at least 32 plants were used, of which 2+14-3 = 6 tubes and 
1 case gave positive results , while 25 tubes resulted in failure. 
(g) Barley in cases during the summer of 1894. 
In each case — 7 seeds sown on May n and continued to Aug. 7, i. e. 88 days. 
Results = 1 case totally free. 
1 case had 2 plants infected, 
i. e. of 14 plants 2 yielded positive results. 
(h) Autumn Wheat in cases in the autumn of 1894. 
There were 4 cases, each with 5 grains. 
Case. 
Sown. 
Soil. 
Seed. 
I 
July 7 
Sterilized 3 h. 
5 seeds, badly attacked with Puccinia. 
2 
JJ 
jj 
5 seeds, free of Fungus. 
3 
JJ 
jj 
jj jj 
4 
Sept. 6-13 
jj 
5 seedlings, infected with teleuto- 
spores. 
No results to Nov. 14. 
i. e. 20 seeds, &c., and 20 failures. 
