3iS 
A ngles of Inclination. 
the pots or damp chambers in place. The base itself had two faces at 
right angles to one another, upon either one of which it could lie on the 
table. The plants could thus stand in their normally erect position while 
they were being secured to the hinged board, and then, when all the 
containers were secured, the whole apparatus could be turned through 90°, 
and all the plants put at the same inclination at the same instant. 
All the experiments were made in the dark room the temperature of 
which ranged from 2,0° to % 4 °C. The alternating process continued till several 
to many curves had appeared, but not always long enough to bring curves 
in all the plants. The period varied from 4 hours for Brassica Raphanus , 
and Lupinus , to 10 hours for Vicia Fab a and Zea Mays. The results were 
so generally uniform and decisive that details of individual species and 
experiments may be omitted, and the whole given in tabular form. The 
stimulation was usually begun with the plants inclined 135 0 from their 
position of stable equilibrium. This would give this position a slight 
advantage over the 90° position. The plants remained in each position 
T5 min. It required about 1 second to change from one position to the 
other. In changing from one position to the other, the plants always 
passed across the vertical plane, thus bringing alternately the opposite sides 
of the plants toward the earth. 
TABLE I. 
Showing results of stimulation alternately at 135 0 and 90° 
from the position of equilibrium. 
Plants. 
Total 
number. 
Curves 
caused 
by 90°. 
No 
curves. 
Curves 
caused 
t>y 135° 
Brassica alba , hypocotyl 
76 
50 
26 
0 
Raphanus sativus , „ 
69 
47 
I 9 
3 
Helianthus annuus , „ 
27 
18 
8 
1 
Vicia Faba „ 
5 
4 
0 
1 
Zea Mays , coleoptile 
(White dent) 
14 
14 
0 
0 
Total stems 
191 
133 
53 
5 
Brassica alba , primary root 
19 
13 
4 
2 
Raphanus sativus , „ „ 
r 9 
10 
8 
1 
Helianthus annuus, ,, „ 
5 
5 
0 
0 
Lupinus albus , „ ,, 
12 
12 
0 
0 
Vicia Faba , „ „ 
Zea Mays , ,, ,, 
(White dent) 
8 
4 
3 
1 
14 
9 
4 
1 
Total roots 
77 
53 
J 9 
5 
The results are capable of easy demonstration. Let any one who 
wishes make the test with Helianthus annuus for stems and roots, or with 
Lupinus albus for roots. Vicia Fab a and Zea Mays (except for the 
z 
