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APPENDIX. 
northern coast, appear in the charts to be fringed ; coloured 
red. Some miles in length of the southern side of the Island 
of St. Thomas is fringed ; most of the Virgin Gorda Islands, 
as I am informed by Sir E. Schomburgk, are fringed ; the 
shores of Anegada, as well as the bank on which it stands, 
are likewise fringed ; these islands have been coloured red. 
The greater part of the southern side of Santa Cruz ap- 
pears in the Danish survey to be fringed (see also Professor 
Hovey’s account of this island, in Silliman’s Journal, 
vol. xxxv. p. 74) ; the reefs extend along shore for a consider- 
able space, and project rather more than a mile ; the depth 
within the reef is three fathoms ; coloured red. — The An- 
tilles, as remarked by Yon Buch (Descrip. lies Canaries, 
p. 494), maybe divided into two linear groups, the western 
row being volcanic, and the eastern of modern calcareous 
origin ; my information is very defective on the whole group. 
Of the eastern islands, Barbuda and the western coasts of 
Antigua and Mariagalante appear to be fringed ; this is also 
the case with Barbadoes, as I have been informed by a resi- 
dent ; these islands are coloured red. On the shores of the 
western Antilles, of volcanic origin, very few coral-reefs 
appear to exist. The island of Martinique, of which there 
are beautifully executed French charts on a very large scale, 
alone presents any appearance worthy of special notice. 
The south-western, southern, and eastern coasts, together 
forming about half the circumference of the island, are 
skirted by very irregular banks, projecting generally rather 
less than a mile from the shore, and lying from two to five 
fathoms submerged. In front of almost every valley, they 
are breached by narrow, crooked, steep-sided passages. The 
French engineers ascertained by boring, that these sub- 
merged banks consisted of madreporitie rocks, covered in 
many parts by thin layers of mud or sand. From this fact, 
and especially from the structure of the narrow breaches, 
these banks were probably formed by living reefs, which 
