IS 
Field work was carried on from a base camp established in one of 
the Ontario Northern Development road camps, situated on the trans- 
Canada highway almost in the centre of the area investigated. The 
highway served as a base line from which excursions to points farther 
inland could be made, and the lake offered easy access to Batchawana 
island, which was also included in the survey. Ten w r eeks were spent in the 
field, from Friday, July 12. During the last month an automobile was 
placed at the disposal of the party so that it was possible to cover a 
great deal of territory within the limited time available. 
The following places were more or less intensively studied: (1) the 
rocky shore-line from Mamainse point to Mica bay; (2) the rocky shore- 
line from Mamainse point south to Coppermine point; (3) Pancake river for 
about 4 miles inland; (4) Batchawana river for 6 miles inland; (5) 
Carp river for 12 miles inland; (6) Mamainse mountain and surrounding 
area; (7) the shore-line of lake Superior from Batchawana river to 
Coppermine point, 30 miles; (8) various plant associations at different points 
along the highway between Mamainse harbour and Harmony river; (9) 
Batchawana island; (10) the rock faces north of Carp lake and west of 
Batchawana river; (11) open meadows around Batchawana village. Many 
other less important places were visited. 
As a result of the survey it has been possible to give a partial sketch 
of the successional relations for the hydrosere and the xerosere. The 
climax forest for the region is composed of, principally, the northern hard- 
woods, sugar maple, and yellow birch, with an admixture of white pine, 
balsam fir, hornbeam, and hemlock. The larger part of the area is, how- 
ever, populated with transitional stages in the development of this climax. 
Many of the plant communities that represent these developmental 
stages were studied and an account of them will be presented in a later 
report. 
Upwards of 2,500 collections of flowering plants were made, 'wher- 
ever possible three specimens of each collection being taken. It is 
estimated that there will be between 600 and 700 different species and 
varieties. A few mosses and lichens were also taken, but such species were 
not included within the scope of the investigation. 
An excellent assortment of photographs illustrating the main char- 
acteristics of the vegetation of the area has been made. Upwards of 300 
pictures were taken and the majority of these are suitable for inclusion 
in the department collection. 
The welfare of the party in the field was very materially assisted by 
the officials of the Ontario Department of Northern Development, Sault 
Ste. Marie; the officials of the Ontario Forestry Branch, Sault Ste. 
Marie; the departments of Botany and the Faculty of Forestry, Univer- 
sity of Toronto. To all of these and to many others, resident within the 
area, thanks are due. 
Herbarium Work 
The work of mounting, labelling, and filing specimens that were 
received during the year, and also from the mass of material that has 
accumulated in previous years, was carried on, and 2,889 sheets of 
