of certain Species of Primula. 323 
ceptacle’s) raised edge five small tubercles sometimes appear 
simultaneously, which are the carpels. These five tubercles 
are gradually raised from below by the lengthening of the 
receptacle in a tubular manner, so that we have soon a flask- 
shaped pistil with its narrow neck and open mouth.’ On the 
other hand, in a footnote appear the following remarks : 
‘ Quite as frequently, as far as I have observed in Lysimachia 
and Primula , the pistil originates as a ring, which grows 
upward from beneath so as to form a tube, upon whose edge 
the five tubercles are not formed till quite late in development, 
and in some cases, especially in monstrous flowers, not at all.’ 
Pfeffer 1 states that in Glaux the ovary raises itself as an 
’ annular wall of uniform height, as is usually the case in 
Lysimachia quadrifolia. As regards the latter plant, he 
observes that sometimes one sees three, rarely four or five, 
portions of the wall project as humps. This occasionally 
appears still more evidently in Primula elatior and P. chinensis. 
From these facts he concludes that one has here to do with 
five foliar organs alternating with the stamens. 
No other author, as far as has been seen, makes mention 
of the ovary arising from five protuberances ultimately fusing 
to form the characteristic ovary. Thus Duchartre 2 states : 
‘Vers le moment ou le bourrelet corollin se montre a la base 
des jeunes antheres, l’organe femelle commence a manifester 
son apparition. La partie superieure et centrale de la fleur 
primitive, celle qu’entoure Pandrocee et qui possede une 
surface assez large, commence a se relever, dans toute sa 
circonference, d’un leger bourrelet circulaire continu ; ce 
bourrelet circonscrit un petit enfoncement dont le fond ne 
reste pas uni ni creux, mais se bosselle lui-meme et un petit 
mamelon arrondi qui occupe le centre de toute la fleur/ 
Payer 3 writing about the development of Samolus Valerandi 
1 Pfeffer, W., Zur Bliithenent wick lung der Primulaceen und Ampelideen. Prings- 
heim’s Jahrb. f. wiss. Bot , vol. viii, p. 194. 
2 Duchartre, Observations sur l’organog^nie de la fleur et en particulier de 
Povaire chez les plantes a placenta central libre. Ann. des Sci. Nat., Bot., 3® ser., 
tom. ii, 1844. 
3 Payer, Traite d’Organogenie Comparee de la Fleur. Paris, 1857. 
