30 
(Beauchamp, 4, Figures 231-233 and others; Skinner, 4, Plate XXIV, 
figures b, d; and Parker, 6, Plate 128, figures 1 to 5, 10), and in Vermont 
(Perkins, 3, Plate XXXIV) . They are more rarely found at non-Iroquoian 
sites (author, 2, Figure 33). 
TRAPS AND SNARES 
Cylindrical tubes made from wing bones of birds, like some of those 
described as probably being beads, were possibly parts of snares, through 
which the noose was passed to allow it to run freely and to keep it in 
position. 
DOUBLE- POINTED STRAIGHT BAIT-HOLDERS 
Double-pointed bone specimens like some of the shorter specimens 
described under bone awls may have been used for catching fish by fastening 
a line near the middle, which, if properly baited, could not be disgorged 
when swallowed by the fish. They differ from similar double-pointed 
objects, used by the Eskimo for the purpose, in not having a groove for the 
attachment of the line near the middle, although grooves, as Rau observes, 
“ are not absolutely necessary features ” (page 119). 
BONE HOOKS OR BARBS FOR FISH-HOOKS 
Thirty-nine of the pointed bone objects considered as awls may also 
have been hooks or barbs for compound fish-hooks. The specimens illus- 
trated in Plate I, figures 9 and 19, elsewhere described as points for arrows, 
likewise were adapted for the purpose, and so also were sharpened splint 
bones of the deer. The shouldered specimen seen in Plate I, figure 13, 
seems especially adapted for such a use. 
Eleven other bone specimens seem to have been specially made for the 
purpose. One of these, apparently made of the rib of a small mammal, 
illustrated in Plate I, figure 33, if the bevelled end were fastened to a 
straight shank, would allow the point to project about | inch; it could 
have been made to project much more by cutting off the wooden shank at a 
slant too, and fastening to it the slanting end of the bone that is cor- 
respondingly flattened. Nine other specimens were made from pectoral 
spines, and one from a dorsal spine, of the common catfish, by removing 
the articular end, cutting or grinding this end on the side opposite the 
toothed edge down at a slant, and slightly accentuating the sharpness of 
the tip. The apices of the teeth being directed downward probably 
assisted in holding the fish. A few of the specimens show signs of longitu- 
dinal scraping or cutting. Similar specimens have been found at Neutral 
sites in southwestern Ontario ($ee author, 8, Plate I, figure 19). 
Fish-hooks consisting of a sharp piece of bone secured to a wooden 
shank at an angle are in use among some modern Indians {See Smith, 3, 
Plate XXI, figure 2) and Eskimo (See Turner, figure 149). Sagard (2:588) 
described some fish-hooks “ found in the bellies of several large fishes ” 
which were “ made of a piece of wood and bone, so placed as to form a 
hook, and very neatly bound together with hemp,” but it is not clear from 
the context whether these hooks were used by the Huron or some other 
tribe. If the Huron did use this type of hook it is probable that it was 
used here also. 
