50 
others. The blades vary in length, the smallest being 2^ and the largest 
(Plate XIV, figure 11) 4^ inches long; some of the broken specimens, 
however, may have been much longer. The thickness of the blades varies 
from | inch to If inches, and the width from ^ inch to 2£ inches; one of 
the unfinished specimens is 3-|- inches wide. Most of them are oblong in 
cross-section; two are somewhat oval, but none is round. Seven of the 
apparently finished blades are smoothly finished. The cutting edge is the 
only part that is completed on eight blades, and there are thirteen other 
specimens with only the narrow sides and the cutting edge finished; the 
poll of eighteen specimens was left in the rough. The edges of the groove 
across the front of the adze seen in Plate XIV, figure 15, are distinctly 
polished, probably from the chafing of the lashing that secured the blade 
to the handle. Two blades had the poll battered after they became broken 
and another was afterwards used as a hammer. Two others seem to have 
been used as paint crushers, unless the paint was applied to them for cere- 
monial reasons. 
Adzes were as common here as at early Huron sites in Victoria county 
and Neutral sites in southwestern Ontario. 
The methods of manufacture of adzes can be learned from twenty-six 
incomplete blades and some of the apparently finished specimens. Eleven 
of the unfinished forms are merely oblong masses of rock, mostly of horn- 
blende schist, roughly broken into shape; one is a natural, waterworn mass, 
like an adze blade in shape, showing marks of chipping and pecking; four 
forms have been chipped and pecked into shape (Plate XIV, figure 16) ; 
seven fragments of other forms show evidence of having been chipped and 
rubbed; three others, in addition to being chipped, pecked, and rubbed into 
shape, have a suggestion of what was to become the cutting edge; and the 
evidences of manufacture on another specimen have been obliterated by 
weathering, but one end has been brought to a wedge shape. A few of the 
finished blades retain traces of the earlier stages in their manufacture. 
Three of them (Plate XIV, figure 12) were suitably shaped pebbles, which 
merely required the production of a cutting eclge^ and a little smoothing 
to make useful tools. Five broken blades with the cutting edge battered, 
and one with the angles of the broken end rounded by battering, are in 
process of being reworked. 
BEAVER INCISOR CHISELS 
Eighteen more or less artificially modified lower incisor teeth of the 
beaver were probably used as chisels. Nine of them have the root end 
broken off and seven others have this end cut squarelv off and smoothed. 
Four of these specimens have the natural bevel of the cutting end slightly 
modified by rubbing. One of the teeth has been converted into a hollow, 
gouge-like tool by removing the back or concave side of the tooth, exposing 
the neutral cavity, and grinding the natural straight cutting end to a convex 
edge. Another (Plate XIV, figure 1) had about half of the tooth cut off 
and the severed end has been bevelled to correspond with the bevel on the 
