7 
Deposit 20, about 50 feet long and 30 feet wide, with a maximum 
depth of 9 inches, may be the “tumulus” at the northwest corner of the 
above-mentioned parallelogram. There was very little ash in this deposit 
and very little of it was in layers. It yielded a few artifacts. 
Deposit 21, on the north side of the site, covered an oval area about 
20 by 25 feet in diameter, and was about 1 foot deep. In one part was a 
small patch of carbonized matter with charred twigs and leaves of the 
hemlock spruce, mixed with charred corn kernels and beans, which may be 
the remains of a corn cache. 1 This deposit yielded a few important 
specimens. 
Deposit 22 was about 25 feet in diameter, and shallow. It was not 
excavated. 
Deposit 23, which was covered by about 2 feet of sand, was about 
50 feet long and 25 feet wide, with a maximum depth of 1 foot. Very few 
artifacts were found in the part excavated. 
Deposit 24, about 34 feet long and 20 feet wide, in Mr. White’s garden 
on the north side of the road, about 38 rods west of the Kelso-White line 
fence, was small and faintly defined. No ash layers were observed, but it 
contained a few artifacts. 
There was another smaller and veiy faintly defined deposit about 
45 feet northeast of deposit 24, but nothing was found in it. 
In several places, in the course of trenching that part of Mr. White's 
field between deposits 20 and 21, and east to the line fence, a few small 
deposits of refuse from 1 to 3 feet in diameter, and containing a few 
artifacts, were discovered. One was between skeletons Nos. 67 and 69. 
Some ashes and blackened soil were also found above skeletons Nos. 76 
to 78, but in this case they were merely used to fill in the graves. There 
was another deposit, deeply covered with sand, in the northeast corner of 
the field. 
DEFENSIVE WORKS 
Guest’s map (Figure 1) shows what he describes as “a half moon 
embankment, extending some ten rods across a neck of land, terminating 
to the north in a swamp, and to the southwest near the edge of a creek. , . 
It has three openings, which are from twenty to twenty-five feet wide ” 
(Guest, pages 271-272). Mr. White remembers when this embankment 
could be distinctly seen, but the writer, on his last visit to the site in 1927, 
could see only a small portion in the meadow north of Mr. White’s garden, 
on the north side of the road. 
The traces of defensive palisades surrounding the main part of the 
village, as indicated on Map 1599, consist of round black spots that were 
found in the yellow sand below the refuse. These are due to the discolora- 
tion of the earth caused by the removal or decay of the posts and the 
subsequent subsidence of vegetal mould and dark-coloured refuse into 
the old cavities. The material in these holes was softer than that around 
them, so that sticks could be easily thrust down into them. In some cases 
these traces of posts were at somewhat regular intervals and in nearly 
1 According to Parker (2: 35, 36) hemlock boughs were used to line corn pits at ancient Iroquois sites in New York 
and they are used by modern Iroquois for the same purpose. 
