64 
Four more or less spheroidal nodules and a flattened, oval earthen- 
ware nodule, about the same size and shape as some of the beads described 
above, but lacking the hole, are either abortive attempts to make beads 
or were intended for some other purpose. 
Modelled earthenware beads have been found at sites of the same 
culture in Ontario and New York (Skinner, 4:149) and at other Iroquoian 
sites elsewhere in Ontario and New York (Beauchamp, 2, Figures 236 
to 238). 
Beads Made of Teeth. Only one of the beads is made of a tooth (Cat. 
No. VIII-F-12350) . It is a polished canine of a dog with the longitudinal 
neural cavity exposed by grinding off both ends of the tooth. Beads of 
this kind are rarely found at other Iroquoian sites. 
Beads Made of Broken Pipe Stems . Two beads were made from short 
sections of the broken stems of earthenware pipes by smoothing the broken 
ends. Similar beads have been found at Onondaga sites in Jefferson county, 
New York (Skinner, 4:149, and Parker, 6:337), and at early Huron sites 
in Victoria county, Ontario. 
Cylindrical Bone Beads. Forty-three beads were made from short 
sections of hollow bones {See Plate XV, figure 11). Most of them are well 
preserved and many still retain considerable polish; a few are fragmentary. 
Thirty-six are made of bird bones, sixteen being from ulnse, most of which 
retain the row of elevated muscular attachments characteristic of this bone; 
eight are from humeri; three from radii; and three from tibio-tarsi, one of 
them retaining the fibular ridge of the bone; six others are derived from 
unidentified bird bones. Mammal bones furnished material for only a few 
beads, two being derived from femora, two from humeri, and another from 
an unidentified bone. Most of the beads have the ends unevenly severed; 
but even some of those with uneven ends are polished and evidently were 
finished, the ends apparently having become rounded by wear. The inner 
edge of a few specimens is worn from the friction of the cord on which 
they were strung. The shortest bead is inch and the longest is 2yj 
inches long; the diameter varies with the kind of bone used, one made 
from a bird’s radius being inch, whereas that of one apparently made 
from the humerus of the Canada goose is § inch. 
None of the beads shows incised or other kind of decoration, although 
it is possible that the scoring around the middle of the specimen illustrated 
was intended to be ornamental; no beads, also, show that colouring matter 
had been applied to them, as on a bead from a Huron site in Victoria 
county (Boyle, XI, Figure 30). 
Bone beads were as abundant here as at Neutral sites in southwestern 
Ontario. 
The manufacture of these bone beads can be illustrated by some of 
the specimens found, twenty-three of them being derived from bird bones, 
eight from those of mammals, and two from human fibulse and one from 
a human radius ; there are also many unworked bones. A few bones have 
the extremities merely broken off, others had them removed by scoring 
and breaking. The severed ends were afterwards smoothed by rubbing, 
