xxii CONTENTS 
PAGE 
II. Order Longipennes: Long-winged Swimmers . 150 
4. Family Stercorariidae : Jaegers and Skuas . 150 
5. Family Laridae: Gulls and Terns . . .152 
6. Family Rynchopidae: Skimmers . . . 172 
III. Order Tubinares: Tube-nosed Swimmers . . 172 
7. Family Diomedeidae: Albatrosses . . . 172 
8. Family Procellariidae : Fulmars, Shearwaters, and 
Petrels ....... 173 
IV. Order Steganopodes: Totipalmate Swimmers . 178 
9. Family Phaethontidae : Tropic-birds . . . 178 
10. Family Sulidac: Gannets . . . .179 
11. Family Anhingidae: Darters .... 181 
12. Family Phalacrocoracidae : Cormorants . . 182 
13. Family Pelecanidae: Pelicans . . . .183 
14. Family Fregatidae: Man-o-’ -war-birds . . 185 
V. Order Anseres: Lamellirostral Swimmers . . 186 
15. Family Anatidae: Ducks, Geese, and Swans . 186 
VI. Order Odontogloss^e : Lamellirostral Grallatores 216 
16. Family Phcenicopteridae : Flamingoes . .216 
VII. Order Herodiones: Herons, Storks, Ibises, etc. , 217 
17. Family Plataleidae: Spoonbills . . .217 
18. Family Ibididae: Ibises . . . . . .218 
19. Family Ciconiidae: Storks ... 219 
20. Family Ardeidae: Herons and Bitterns . . 219 
VIII. Order Paludicol^e: Cranes, Rails, etc. . . 229 
21. Family Gruidae: Cranes ..... 229 
22. Family Aramidae: Courlans .... 230 
23. Family Rallidae : Rails, Gallinules, and Coots . 230 
IX. Order Limicol^e: Shore Birds .... 238 
24. Family Phalaropodidae : Phalaropes . . . 239 
25. Family Recurvirostridae : Stilts and Avocets . 241 
26. Family Scolopacidae : Snipes, Sandpipers, etc. . 242 
27. Family Charadriidae : Plovers .... 263 
28. Family Aphrizidae: Surf-birds and Turnstones . 268 
29. Family Haematopodidae: Oyster-catchers . . 268 
