KEY TO FAMILIES 
123 
Order VIII. Paludicolse. — Cranes, Rails, Gallinules, etc. 
Neck extended in flight; toes four without webs (except in lobate Coot, 
Fig. 39, e ) or a comb on toe-nail; hind-toe generally small and higher 
than the front one; or if on the same level (Gallinules and Coots only), 
the bill is then comparatively short (Fig. 39, d , e ) and the forehead 
bare; lores feathered or (Cranes) with hairlike bristles. 
A. Smaller, bill under 3*00 (Fig. 39). . . . Family Rallidce: Rails, 
Gallinules, Coots, p. 230. 
B. Larger, bill over 3'00 (Figs. 40, 41). 
a. Tarsus over 6'00 (Fig. 40.). . . Family Gruidce: Cranes, p. 229. 
b. Tarsus under 6*00 (Fig. 41). . . . Family Aramidce: Courlans, 
p . 230. 
