KEY TO FAMILIES 
129 
Family 4. Sturnidce . — Star- 
lings (Fig. 62). 
Bill flattened, wider than 
high at the base ; tail short 
and square ; wings long 
and pointed, second pri- 
mary longest, the first 
very small, less than half 
an inch in length, p. 355. 
Family 5. Icteridce . — Blackbirds, Orioles, etc. (Fig 63). 
Length 7*00-17*00; base of the bill, between the nostrils, extending back- 
ward and dividing the feathers of the forehead; nostrils not concealed by 
bristles; first three primaries of about equal length; outer tail-feathers 
generally shortest, p. 357. 
Family 6. Fringillidce . — Spar- 
rows, Finches, Gros- 
beaks, etc. (Fig. 64). 
Length 4*75-9*00, generally 
under 8*00; bill short, stout, 
and conical, admirably fitted 
to crush seeds ; third and 
fourth primaries generally 
about the same length, the 
first never more than half an 
inch shorter than the longest, 
p. 369. 
Family 7. Tangaridce . — Tanagers (Fig. 65). 
Length about 7*00; the males of our species mostly 
red; bill finchlike, but less conical, somewhat swollen, 
the outline of the upper mandible curved, its sides 
with a slight but generally evident ‘tooth’ near the 
middle; tail-feathers of equal length, p. 413. 
r' t 
Fia. 65. 
