FIELD KEY 
135 
II. No red on the underparts. 
A. Length 9*00; black; shoulders red; haunts marshes; migrates in flocks. 
498. Red-winged Blackbird. 
B. Length 5*25; crown-cap red; chin black; rest of underparts streaked 
with blackish; feeds on seeds and catkins; Nov. to Mch. 
528. Redpoll (Im.). 
C. Length 4' 00; underparts whitish; back olive-green; a ruby crown- 
patch; eye-ring white; movements restless, wings flitted nervously; 
call-note, cack; song remarkably loud and musical; Sept, and Oct.; 
Apl. and May 749. Ruby-crowned Kinglet. 
Third Group. — With blue in the plumage 
A. Length 11*50; a conspicuous crest; upperparts dull blue; underparts 
whitish; a black patch on the breast 477. Blue Jay. 
B. Length 7*00; upperparts bright blue; breast cinnamon-rufous. 
766. Bluebird. 
C. Length 5*50; entire plumage indigo-blue . . 598. Indigo Bunting. 
Fourth Group. — Plumage conspicuously black 9 or black 
and white 
I. Black and white birds. 
A. Throat black. 
a . Length over 6*00. 
a 1 . Entire underparts black; nape buffy; rump white; a musical 
dweller of fields and meadows; frequently sings on the wing. 
494. Bobolink. 
a 2 . Breast rose-red; rest of the plumage black and white; song rapid, 
loud, and musical; call-note, peek; a tree dweller in rather open 
woodland 595. Rose-breasted Grosbeak. 
a 3 . Sides rufous; rest of the plumage black and white; call-note, 
chewink or towhee; inhabits the undergrowth . . 587. Towhee. 
b. Length under 6*00. 
b 1 . Crown black; cheeks white; back ashy; unstreaked; call, chick-a - 
dee, or a musical, double-noted whistle , . . 735. Chickadee. 
b 2 . Conspicuously streaked with black and white; a tree creeper. 
636. Black and White Warbler. 
B. Underparts white or whitish. 
a. Length 8*00; upperparts grayish slate-color; tail tipped with white; 
a bird of the air, catching its insect food on the wing, and occasion- 
ally sallying forth from its exposed perch in pursuit of a passing 
Crow; note, an unmusical, steely chatter . . . 444. Kingbird. 
b. Length 5*75; crown black; back bluish gray; a tree creeper; call-note, 
yank, yank 727. White-breasted Nuthatch. 
c. Length 6*50; upper parts washed with rusty; generally seen in flocks; 
terrestrial; Nov.-Mch 534. Snow Bunting 
II. No white in the plumage. 
A. Length 19*00; jet-black 488. Am. Crow. 
B. Length 12*00; black with metallic reflections; iris yellowish; migrates 
in flocks; nests usually in colonies in coniferous trees; voice cracked 
and reedy; tail “keeled” in short flights; a walker. 
511. Purple Grackle. 5115. Bronzed Grackle. 
C. Length 9*50; shoulders red; haunts marshes; call, kong-quer-ree. 
498. Red-winged Blackbird. 
D . Length 7*50; head and neck coffee-brown; frequently seen on the 
ground near cattle ........ 495. Cowbird. 
