FINCHES, SPARROWS, ETC 
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dooryard, picking up what they can find, or sitting in the bushes with 
an air of contentment that it is pleasant to see. 
Coming, as they do, when most of the home birds have left for the 
south, they bring their own welcome, and soon seem like old friends. 
But if you would really know your gentle winter visitors, you must 
go back into the woods when summer comes and find them in their 
own homes. 
Look for them in a tangle of fallen tree-tops, logs, and upturned 
roots. A pair I once surprised in such a place at first sat and chirped 
at me — with bills full of food — but soon they were flying freely back 
and forth to the upturned root where they had hidden their nest. 
I noticed with surprise that their gray plumage toned in so well 
with the dark earth that they were hard to see. The sharp horizontal 
line across the breast where the gray turns abruptly to white added 
to the disguise, the straight line breaking the round form of the bird. 
The ’tsip of the Junco is unmistakable and more often heard than 
his song, but he has both a trill and a low, sweet song as unpretentious 
and cheery as the friendly bird himself. 
Florence Merriam Bailey. 
567e. J. h. caroiinensis Brewst. Carolina Junco. Similar to the 
preceding, but slightly larger, the upperparts, throat, and breast uniform 
grayish slate-color without a brownish wash, bill horn-color. W., 3*26; 
T., 2*85; B., ’43. 
Range. — S. Alleghanies. Breeds in the Canadian zone (overlapping 
into the Alleghanian fauna) of mts. from w. Md., Va., and W. Va., s. to n. 
Ga.; winters in adjacent lowlands. 
Nesting date , Cold Knob, W. Va., May 21. 
This is a common and apparently permanent resident species in the 
higher parts of the southern Alleghanies. 
567f. J. h. montanus Ridgw. Montana Junco. Similar to J. h. 
hyemalis, but head and breast blacker, the former, sharply defined from the 
brownish black, the sides strongly washed with brownish pink. W., 3T5; 
T., 2*60. 
Range. — N. Rocky Mts. Breeds in Canadian zone from s. Alberta s. 
to n. Idaho and nw. Mont.; winters s. to Ariz., N. M., Chihuahua, and Tex., 
and e. casually to Kans., Ills., Ind., Mass., and Md. 
Cambridge, one record (Mch. 25, 1874). 
575. Peuesea aestivalis aestivalis ( Licht .). Pine-woods Sparrow. 
Ads. — Upperparts light ^chestnut, more or less streaked with black and mar- 
gined with gray; a grayish line over the eye; bend of the wing yellow; tail- 
feathers narrow, grayish fuscous, the outer ones much the shortest; breast 
and sides washed with pale brownish ash ; breast sometimes with a few black 
spots; middle of the belly white. L., 5*80; W., 2*50; T., 2*50; B., *45. 
Range. — Ga. and Fla. Breeds in Austroriparian fauna from s. Ga. s. 
to cen. Fla. ; winters in cen. and s. Fla. 
Nest , of fine grasses, on the ground, beneath scrub palmetto. Eggs , 3-5, 
pure white, *72 x ’61. Date , Lake Okeechobee, Fla., Apl. 14; San Mateo, 
Fla., Apl. 23. 
This is a common bird in Florida. It winters in the southern part 
of the State and migrates northward in March. It is found only in 
