458 
WOOD WARBLERS 
Washington, one record, Sept. 25, 1887. N. Ohio, rare T. V., May 9 
and 11. Glen Ellyn, one record, May 7, 1894. SE. Minn., one record, Min- 
neapolis, May 13. 
Nest, on the ground at the foot of a pine or oak, of soft bark, strips of 
vegetable fiber, grass, etc., lined with fine grass, pine needles, and hair. 
Eggs, 3-5, white, speckled with umber, wreathed at the larger end, *71 x *54. 
Date, Oscoda Co., Mich., June 6. (See Wood, Warblers of N. A., 206-209.) 
During the summer this, the rarest of North American Warblers, 
is known only from north central Michigan, while during the winter it 
appears to be restricted to the Bahamas. In the intervening region it has 
been reported about thirty-five times; it reaches Florida about April 20 
and Michigan about May 15. The return journey is made between 
August and November. 
Aside from its size and color, Kirtland’s Warbler may be known by 
its habit of tail-wagging in which it rivals the Palm Warbler. When 
migrating it frequents the lower growth and when nesting lives only 
in high, sandy jack-pine plains. According to Wood (in “Warblers of 
North America’ 7 ) this Warbler has several distinct songs, “all of which 
belong to the whistling type and have the clear, ringing quality of the 
Oriole’s.” 
671. Dendroica vigorsi vigorsi C Aufl .). Pine Warbler. (Fig. 706.) 
Ad. cf. — Upperparts bright olive-green, sometimes washed with ashy; two 
whitish wing-bars; outer tail-feathers with white patches on their inner 
vanes near the tip; underparts bright yellow, more or less washed with 
ashy, turning to white on the lower belly and under tail-coverts ; sides some- 
times with a few black streaks. Ad. $. — Similar, but upperparts brownish 
olive-green; underparts soiled whitish; breast tinged with yellow. L., 5'52; 
W., 2-81; T., 2-25; B. from N., *33. 
Range. — E. N. Am. Breeds in Transition and Austral zones from n. 
Man., n. Mich., s. Ont., s. Que., and N. B. s. to e. cen. Tex., the Gulf States, 
and Fla. ; winters from s. Ills, and coast of Va. to Fla., e. Tex., and Tamaulipas, 
and casually n. to Mass. 
Washington, quite uncommon S. R., Mch. 20-Oct. 29; abundant in 
fall. Ossining, casual. Cambridge, locally common S. R., Apl. 10-Oct. 20; 
occasional W. V. N. Ohio, rare T. V.; Apl. 29-May 15. Glen Ellyn, not 
common T. V., spring records only, Apl. 17-May 24. SE. Minn., common 
T. V., Apl. 26- . 
Nest, of strips of bark, leaves, plant fibers, etc., in pines 10-80 feet up. 
Eggs, 4-5, white or grayish white, with numerous distinct and obscure 
cinnamon-brown to umber markings, chiefly in a wreath or band at the larger 
end, '70 x '52. Date, Raleigh, N. C., Mch. 24; Cambridge, May 20. 
True to its name, the Pine Warbler is rarely found outside of pine 
woods. In the South, where pineries may extend over half a state, it 
is an abundant and generally distributed bird; in the more northern 
part of its range it is, from force of circumstances, a local species, 
occurring only with the pines. 
In the winter it is found in small flocks, which may contain a few 
Myrtle or Palm Warblers, and at this season it lives on or near the 
ground. In the summer it is more arboreal. Its habit of clinging to 
the trunk of a tree, or hopping along a limb while searching for insects 
in crevices in the bark, has given it the misnomer of Pine Creeping 
