WOOD WARBLERS 
465 
notes. I found him singing, and when I departed he showed no signs 
of ceasing. 
678. Oporornis agilis (Wils.). Connecticut Warbler. Ad. — 
Head, neck, and breast bluish gray, lighter on the throat; crown in the fall 
tipped with olive-green; eye-ring white; rest of upperparts, wings, and tail 
olive-green; no wing-bars or tail-patches; belly yellow; sides washed with 
olive-green. Ad. 9 and Im. — Similar to the <? , but upperparts uniform olive- 
green; throat and breast pale grayish brown; belly pale yellow. L., 5'40; 
W., 2*90; T., 1-90; B. from N., '32. 
Range. — E. N. Am. Breeds in Canadian zone from Man. to cen. Minn., 
and n. Mich.; winters in n. S. A.; migrates through Fla. and the Bahamas; 
in spring rare e. of Alleghanies but common in the Miss. Valley; in autumn 
rare in the Miss. Valley but common e. of the Alleghanies; casual ne. of 
Mass, and in Ont. 
Washington, T. V., very rare in spring, May 24-30; common from 
Aug. 28-Oct. 24. Ossining, rare T. V., Aug. 26-Oct. 9. Cambridge, fall 
T. V., sometimes locally abundant, Sept. 10-30. N. Ohio, tolerably com- 
mon T. V., May 7-24. Glen Ellyn, fairly common T. V., May 12- June 28; 
Aug. 14-Sept. 22. SE. Minn., uncommon T. V., June 1.— . 
Nest , of dry grasses, on the ground. Eggs, 4, white, with a few spots of 
lilac-purple, brown, and black about the larger end, '75 x '60. (Seton, Auk, 
I, 1884, 192.) Date, Carberry, Man., June 21. 
“ Connecticut Warbler” is an unfortunate misnomer for this species. 
‘Swamp’ or ‘Tamarack Warbler,’ or ‘Bog Black-throat,’ would have 
been much more truly descriptive. 
In the cold, boggy tamarack swamps of Manitoba, where I found it 
breeding, it was the only one of the family, and almost the only bird, 
whose voice broke the silence of those gray wastes. Its loud song was 
much like the “ teacher , teacher ” chant of the Oven-bird, but it also 
uttered another, which I can recall to mind by the aid of the syl- 
ables “free-chapple, free-chapple, free-chapple, whoit.” 
The nest was placed on the ground, or, rather, in the moss which 
everywhere covered the ground to a depth of a foot or two, and was com- 
posed of fine vegetable fibers. 
This species has somewhat the manners of the Vireos, but is much 
more active and sprightly in its movements. During the migrations 
it is generally found on or near the ground, in the undergrowth of low, 
damp woods, and also in bordering, weedy fields, where it sometimes 
announces its presence by a sharp peek. Ernest Thompson Seton. 
679. Oporornis Philadelphia (Wils.). Mourning Warbler. Ad. d 1 . 
— Head, neck, and throat bluish gray, changing to black on the breast; no 
white eye-ring; rest of upperparts, wings, and tail olive-green; no wing-bars 
or tail-patches; belly yellow. Ad. 9 and Im. — Similar, but upperparts olive- 
green, slightly grayer on the head; breast grayish, throat whiter. L., 5*63 ; 
W., 2*56; T., 2'13; B. from N., '32. 
Remarks. — This species bears a general resemblance to the preceding, 
but may be distinguished from it by the absence of a white eye-ring. 
Range. — E. N. Am. Breeds in lower Canadian zone from e. cen. Alberta, 
s. Sask., sw. Keewatin, N. S., and Magdalen Islands, s. to cen. Minn., 
Mich., cen. Ont., and mts. of N. Y., Pa., Mass., and W. Va.; winters from 
Nicaragua to Ecuador; in migration from e. Tex. to the Alleghanies; rare 
e. of the Alleghanies and from N. C. w. to Miss. (See Fig 6.) 
