330 Superficial Gravels and Clays . [July? 
Mr. Peter Crooke, of Turnham Green, has been very suc- 
cessful in finding implements in the Lower Gravel all over 
the Ealing district. One of these was obtained from the 
foundation of a house in Argyle Road, at the highest point 
the gravel reaches to, where the surface of the ground is 
about 120 feet above the Ordnance datum-line. Several 
were obtained from Grove Road, in Ealing, at about 80 feet 
above the same line, and many others in Gunnersbury Park 
a little above the 50-feet contour-line. 
One fine specimen was found in Beaconsfield Villas, at 
the bottom of the gravel, a few yards south of the part 
represented in Fig. 13. The man that discovered it assured 
me that it lay direCtly on the surface of the London Clay. 
Mr. Crooke bears the same evidence to the position of the 
implements as Col. Lane Fox. He says that all the large 
ones come from the very base of the gravel. He has given 
me an interesting instance. He had for years watched the 
gravel-pit on the east side of the Brent, at Hanwell, but 
never could find an implement. Lately, however, the work- 
men dug down a little deeper than usual, and got down to 
the big pebbles at the base. Amongst the stones throw n 
out was a fine pointed implement, which is now in Mr. 
Crooke’s collection. At Bollow Brook, near ACton, the gravel 
contained many fragments of wood in the same stratum 
in which some flint flakes were found. The only mam- 
malian remains that have been found in the Ealing gravels 
are some rolled teeth of the mammoth ; they occur at the 
base of the gravel, and are seldom met with. 
The upper division of the superficial deposits that I have 
grouped together under the symbol a is made up of a series 
of beds differing greatly in composition. The lowest bed is 
often a seam of dark sandy loam, or of layers of ferruginous 
gravel, or of alternations of gravel witn the dark loam. 
Very frequently it consists of gravel in a matrix of brown 
clay, and often there is a thin layer of sandy silt at the 
base. 
Since the description of the sections has been written out 
I have found a buried forest bed in the cutting for the new 
railway from Turnham Green to Ealing, about 300 yards 
south of the east end of Ealing Common. The stumps of 
the trees are all small, the largest being 3 inches in diameter. 
They are rooted in the surface of the subangular gravel, and 
are all upright as they grew. The stumps are about a foot 
long, and buried in silt. They terminate upwards at the 
top of the silt, having apparently rotted off there. Above 
