1 8;8.] 
Feeling and Energy. 
39 1 
of the subjedt world.” The same writer again says — “ We 
may have a simple name for the whole phenomena of mind, 
as ‘ The Subject,’ ‘ The Unextended.’ ” 
Now, since Feeling is the general term for all phases of con- 
sciousness, for all mental states, Feeling is therefore regarded 
as Unextended. Mr. Bain does not, in defining mind, say in 
so many words that the objedt world includes not only 
matter and space, but energy. Yet he speaks of “ resisting 
matter ” and “unresisting empty space,” which implies that 
energy is included under the term “ Objedt.” Besides, 
although he speaks of feelings prompting adtions all through 
his elaborate works on Mind, he speaks of the physical 
sequences as running side by side with the mental sequences, 
and of the feelings or mental states as being concomitant 
with the physical processes in nervous adtion. It is clear, 
therefore, that he does not mean to exclude energy from his 
definition of the objedt world. 
The late Mr. Spalding, also a representative of the same 
school, evidently included energy along with matter under the 
term “ physical ’ as opposed to the mental, “ the unextended.” 
“ The physical and mental,” he said, “ stand over against 
each other, a fundamental duality of being which no effort 
of thought has been able to transcend.” 
Now, if Feeling be unextended in the exadtly opposite 
sense that energy has extension (namely, of extension in 
time), feeling will certainly never merge into or alternate 
with energy, for energy has extension in time. But if it be 
true that energy has time-extension it is equally true that 
feeling has time-extension. By energy having extension in 
time, we mean that it endures in its adtion for a longer or 
shorter period. We must apply the same quality to feeling 
it is evident, for feeling endures also in the same sense as 
energy. If by applying the term “ extension ” to energy is 
meant merely the mental association with our idea of energy 
of an idea of time-extension, and not that energy adtually 
endures, the same subtle distindtion must be applied to 
feeling, namely, that feeling as extended in time should not 
be spoken of as a reality, but merely our mental association 
with the conception in our minds of feeling of an idea of 
extension is all that we mean when we describe a feeling as 
extended in time. In this very subtle but hazy language 
there will be found after all no real contrast between Feeling 
and Energy, for both must be regarded as having extension 
in time in exadtly the. same sense. If we admit, as we must, 
that Feeling has extension in time, there appears to be no 
necessity for any longer regarding it as something totally 
unlike anything else in Nature. 
