SPURIOUS OR ORCHARD ORIOLE. 
165 
SPURIOUS or ORCHARD ORIOLE. 
{Icterus spurius , Bonap. Oriolus spurius, Lin. Wilson, i. p. 64. pi. 
4. fig. 1. [female.] fig. 2. [a male of 2 years.] fig. 3. [a male of 3 
years.] fig. 4. [the adult male.] Audubon, pi. 42. Philad. Muse- 
um, No. 1508.) 
Sp. Charact. — Tail wedge-formed. — Male bright chesnut ; the 
head and neck, back, wings, and tail, black. — Female and young 
of one year, yellow olive, inclining to brown, beneath yellow ; 
wings and tail dusky brown. — The young male of more than one 
year , the same, but with the throat black. 
This smaller and plainer species has many of the hab- 
its of the preceding, and arrives in Pennsylvania about 
a week later. They enter the southern boundary of the 
United States early in March, and remain there until Oc- 
tober. # They do not however, I believe, often migrate 
farther north and east, than the state of Connecticut. 
I have never seen or heard of them in Massachusetts, 
any more than my scientific friend, and a close observer, 
Mr. C. Pickering. Their stay in the United States, it 
appears from Wilson, is little more than 4 months ; as 
they retire to South America early in September, or, at 
least, do not winter in the Southern States. According 
to my friend Mr. Ware, they breed at Augusta, in Georgia; 
and Mr. Say observed the Orchard Oriole at Major 
Long’s winter quarters on the banks of the Missouri. Au- 
dubon has also observed the species towards the sources 
of the Mississippi, as well as in the state of Maine. The 
same author likewise remarks, that their northern migra- 
tions, like those of the Baltimore Bird, are performed by 
day, and that the males arrive a week or ten days sooner 
Andubon’s Ornithological Biography, vol. i. p. 224. 
