356 The Nizam Diamond. [July, 
elevated by granite on trap rocks, in no respeCt differing in 
mineralogical characters or in geological relations.” 
The Rev. Messrs. S. Hislop and R. Hunter, who visited 
and described the Nagpur mines, object; to this assertion, 
and endeavour to prove that the “ diamond sandstone of the 
Southern Maratha country is a conglomerate reposing upon 
the arenaceous beds, which have never yielded the precious 
stone, nor are there any data to prove that the conglomerate 
derived most of its materials from that source.” Dr. Heyne 
contributed an excellent description of the mines of Southern 
India, especially those of Banaganpilly, of Ovalumpilly 
(6 miles from Cuddapah), and of others on the Ellore dis- 
trict. This experienced geologist concludes that all these 
diamond mines can be considered as nothing else than allu- 
vial soil.” Major Franklin (“ Geolog. Trans.,” 2nd Series, 
vol. iii., Part 1), who visited the mines of Pannah in Ban- 
delkhand, before Victor Jacquemont’sday, makesthe diamond 
sandstone between the Narbada (Nerbudda) and the Ganges 
belong to the “ New Red,” apparently an error; and others 
have described the diggings east of Nagpur (Central Pro- 
vinces) as having been opened in a matrix of lateritic grit. 
Dr. Carter (“ Summary of the Geology of India,” pp. 686-91) 
connects the “ diamond conglomerate ” with the Oolitic 
series and its debris, and he gives a useful tabular view of 
the strata in the mines of Banaganpilly, described by 
Voysey, and Pannah or Punna by Franklin and Jacquemont. 
The most important conclusion is their invariable connection 
with sandstone. 
Dr. Carter’s volume quotes largely from the writings of 
Mr. Voysey (journal As. Soc., Bengal; Second Report on 
the Government of Haydarabad), a geologist who maintained 
the growth of the diamond as others do of gold : he declared 
that he could prove, in alluvial soil, the re-crystallisation of 
amethysts, zeolites, and felspar. During his last journey 
from Nagpur to Calcutta, he visited the diamond washings 
of “ Sumbhulpore ” in the Mahanadi Valley, and he describes 
the gems as being “ sought for in the sand and gravel of the 
river, the latter consisting of pebbles of clay-slate, flinty 
slate, jasper, jaspery iron stone of all sizes, from an inch to 
a foot in diameter.” 
We possess, fortunately, a modern description of the 
Diggings which I have said were visited successively by 
Major Franklin and by Victor Jacquemont. M. Louis 
Rousselet (“ LTnde des Rajahs,” Paris, Hachette, 1875), in 
his splendid volume, gives an illustration and an account of 
the world-famous mines of Pannah, the Pannasca of 
