46 
DR. W. KOWALEVSKY ON THE 
all the collections I had an opportunity of studying ; but their absence will not interfere 
much with the complete restoration of the fore foot. 
The scaphoid (Plate XXXVIII. fig. 5, s) is not very different from the corresponding 
bone of the pig in its upper part ; but the general form tends more towards the Hippo- 
potamus. The proximal surface reminds us of the same surface of the Anoplotherium 
(Cuv. Oss. Foss. v. p. 217), and shows a very shallow platform, sloping radially; in 
correspondence with this, the inner part of the distal extremity of the radius (articulating 
with the scaphoid) is also very flat. In our recent Suidse, this proximal facet of the 
scaphoid has a great rising on the fore part and a deep excavation behind ; and, corre- 
spondingly, the extremity of the radius is more deeply excavated, and the interlocking 
of the two is firmer. 
The distal surface of the scaphoid in the Hyopotamus is very distinct from the same 
surface in the pig, and reminds us more of what we see in Hippopotamus ; namely, it 
is divided by an oblique ridge into two slightly concave facets, of which the radial or 
posterior facet articulates with the trapezoid (Plate XXXVIII. fig. 5, t), and the ulnar 
or anterior reposes on the os magnum (Plate XXXVIII. fig. 5 and Plate XXXVII. 
fig. 20), which being absent, its place is left blank in our figures. 
The posterior extremity of the scaphoid is elongated into a thick recurved portion, 
which bends inside the carpus. The inner or ulnar surface exhibits nothing particular ; 
its upper margin is occupied by a long narrow facet for articulation with the lunare. 
The outer free surface is uniformly rounded. 
Dimensions. 
Length antero-posteriorly ... 30 millims. 
Height 16 „ 
The scaphoid (from Hempstead) described above belongs to the tetradactyle form of 
the Hyopotamidce , or to the genus Hyopotamus ; but I have found in the collection of 
the British Museum another scaphoid bone (from Hordwell), which I may with great 
probability refer to the didactyle form called Diplopus. This scaphoid is very different 
from that just described ; and all the differences point to a reduction of the foot. Its 
proximal surface does not slope outwards, but is perfectly horizontal, with a transverse 
rising in the fore part, a hollow in the middle, and an elevated posterior border ; such 
a surface of the scaphoid ensured a firmer interlocking with the radius. It reminds one 
strikingly of the same surface in the Anchitherium ; and it is possible that the distal end 
of the radius in the Diplopus was shaped on the Cameline type, which is very similar to 
that of a Horse or Anchitherium. 
The distal surface is not divided into two facets, but is uniform, like the distal surface 
of the same bone of a pig ; and this is very intelligible, seeing that the trapezoid, having 
no complete second toe to support (as in Hyopotamus ), did not press on the distal 
surface of the scaphoid, leaving there such an impression as it did in Hyopotamus. 
The semilunar (Plate XXXVIII. fig. 5, e, and Plate XXXVII. Z).— >1 had several 
