ME. EOBEKT MALLET ON VOLCANIC ENEEGY. 
199 
the temperatures of the Avater before and after mixture with the liquid iron, the tem- 
perature of the latter is obtained. The weight of water employed was always 400 lbs. 
Three good experiments were obtained as follows : — 
Original temperature 
Temperature of water 
Weight of 
of water. 
after mixture. 
liquid iron. 
1. 
. . 88*7 
188*6 
77*5 lbs. 
2. 
. . 100*4 
152*6 
41*0 „ 
Q 
0. 
. . 111*2 
170*6 
43*5 „ 
No steam was given off by running the iron into the water, and the loss of heat to 
the wooden vessel was very small on so large a volume of water. 
The specific heat of cast iron at the highest temperature given by Schintz in his 
work on the blast-furnace (pp. 47-51) is 0T45. 
If f be the temperature lost by the liquid iron, t the increase of temperature of the 
water after mixture, w the Aveight of water = 400 lbs., w' that of the liquid iron, 
the specific heat of Avater being taken Avithout sensible error as 1*000 within the above 
range of temperatures, and s being the specific heat of the liquid iron, Ave have 
,0 wt 
T — -~r > 
IV S 
to Avhich Ave must add the initial temperature of the water before mixture to obtain the 
temperature of the liquid iron. 
Applying this, Ave have 
t No. 1 = 100°, t No. 2 = 52°*2, t No. 3 = 59°*4. 
No. 1 ... . f =3470° Fahr. 
No. 2 ... . f= 3525° „ 
No. 3 . . . . f=3735° „ 
And adding to these the initial temperature of the Avater, Ave have for the actual tem- 
perature of the liquid iron — 
No. 1 . . . . 3470 + 89 = 3559° Fahr. 
No. 2 ... . 3525 + 100 = 3625 „ 
No. 3 ... . 3735 + 111 = 3846 „ 
the mean of which is 3677° Fahr., or 2011° Cent. 
156. This determination coincides nearly enough Avith Sckurer’s results, who fixes 
the temperature of the zone of fusion in blast-furnaces at betAveen 2650 J and 2000° 
Centigrade. 
It is, however, something below the truth, because at its intensely high temperature 
some heat must have been lost by the liquid iron on its Avay to the vessel of Avater, and 
some to the bottom of the Avood vessel, with which it first dropped into near contact. 
We may therefore estimate the actual temperature of the furnace at about 4000° 
Fahr., and the above 3677° or, in round numbers, 3680° as the temperature of the 
liquid slag as it entered the cones. 
