518 
REPORT ON THE EXPLORATION OE BRIXHAM CAVE. 
anterior, and hinder aspects ; and the lower end of the tibia found in association with it, 
and manifestly belonging to the same individual, is also gnawed on the same three 
sides. The appearance of the bones, therefore, suggests that they were lying together, 
connected by the soft parts at the time they were gnawed, and that the carnivore (pro- 
bably Hyaena) had either been unable or had neglected to turn them over. The astra- 
galus measures 5" -4 in the transverse and 5" in the antero-posterior direction. 
The portion of femur is a good deal crushed, and it is quite hollow and filled up with 
red clayey earth : the bone itself is in a different condition from the tibia and astra- 
galus, being more deeply coloured, heavier and denser, whilst its surface is somewhat 
polished ; and from the roundness of the angles at the broken ends, it would seem to 
have been rolled. 
It is a remarkable circumstance that no fragment of the tusk or teeth of the Mam- 
moth should have occurred in the cavern — a circumstance from which it might be 
supposed that the remains discovered there were merely the relics of parts brought in 
by Carnivora for prey. 
II. Perissodactyla. 
2. Rhinoceros. 
Between sixty and seventy specimens, certainly referrible to Rhinoceros, were met 
with, of which forty-nine occurred in the “ Reindeer” and “Flint-knife” Galleries. In 
the former situation the specimens occurred at all distances from the entrance from 
1G to 86 feet; and they were all lodged in the third bed, at depths varying from 6 to 
58 inches, the majority, however, being found at a depth of between 3 and 4 feet: 
and with respect to this, it may be remarked that in some measure the depth at which 
the specimens were met with increased in proportion to the distance from the entrance 
into the Gallery. 
In the “ Flint-knife Gallery ” the Rhinoceros remains occurred at distances of from 
1 to 46 feet from the entrance ; and they were all lodged in the third bed at a depth, 
speaking generally, of about 4 feet, the only exceptions being one specimen which was 
met with within a foot of the entrance, at a depth of only 9 inches, and two others 
which were lodged at 13 and 24 inches: but it will be remarked that these more super- 
ficial sites were all within 20 feet of the entrance, so that the apparent rule that the 
deptli was in proportion to the distance from the entrance of the gallery, is even more 
strikingly manifested in this locality than in the Reindeer Gallery. 
In the West Chamber the few specimens met with occurred at depths of from 9 to 
13 feet, also in the third bed, or at a much greater depth than in either of the two 
preceding localities. 
In the South Chamber, however, the case is widely different. In this department of 
the cavern, the remains of Rhinoceros seem to have been laid quite superficially. One 
specimen, only doubtfully referred to Rhinoceros , and which may have been elephan- 
tine, is stated to have been found “ on the stalagmite floor.” Two other specimens, 
