2 
* 
As to the Field Assistants, Mr. Mohamed Haniff remained in executive control 
of the Waterfall Gardens, Penang; and Mr. G. B. Deshmukh, who had arrived only 
on December 28th, 1918, was kept in training in Singapore. 
A native subordinate, in Singapore, was told off for mosquito-destruction 
within the Gardens, his duties being the care of all places where mosquitos 
might breed. 
Labour. 
There was no difficulty in procuring labour at any season ; but it had to be 
fed in Singapore on credit at one time, because the local rice-sellers suddenly 
withdrew credit ; moreover wages had to be raised twice in Singapore and once in 
Penang to hold the forces together. 
Finance. 
To enable wages to be raised, an extension of the votes for the pay of gardeners 
and coolies had to be taken. The increased cost of everything is illustrated in the 
following statement : — 
1914. 
r 9 r 5 • 
1916. 
1917. 
1918. 
1919. 
Labour cost : — 
$ 
$ 
% 
$ 
$ 
$ 
Singapore ... 
14,267 
H.943 
12,418 
12,060 
18,809 
21,212 
Penang 
4»779 
3>899 
3.825 
4.321 
4,929 
5,482 
Stores, Tools, etc. : 
Singapore ... 
8,152 
7.949 
8,200 
9,848 
12,851 
10,588 
Penang 
1,092 
1.035 
h 133 
1,208 
2,93i 
2,1 10 
Revenue to the amount of $6,086.80 was made in Singapore, and to the amount 
of $1,413.68 in Penang. 
Buildings. 
The Field Assistants quarters, Singapore, were completed in January. 
The iron work of the Plant House annexe in Singapore was repainted. The 
plant houses were re-roofed with bertam in Penang. 
Investigations and Collections. 
Living Collections : — 
l 
The Department gratefully acknowledges the gift of plants and seeds from : — 
Mr. St. V. B. Down, the Hon’ble Mr. H. W. Firmstone, Dr. F. W. Foxworthy, 
Dr. H. J. Gibbs, Mr. V. Knight, Prof. Lloyd of McGill University, Toronto, 
Mr. O. F. Ricketts, Prof. J. F. Rock of the College of Science, Hawaii, Mrs. 
Waterhouse, and Mr. P. J. Wester of Lamao, Luzon, the Royal Botanic Gar- 
dens, Kew and Calcutta, the Botanic Gardens, Buitenzorg and Saigon, the Bureau 
of Science, Manila, and the College of Agriculture, Los Banos, the Agri-Horticultural 
Society of India and the Departments of Agriculture, Bombay, Egypt and Jamaica. 
The entries in the plants inwards books ran to : — 
Singapore, 1,443 representing 4,100 living plants and 1,286 packets of seed 
Penang, 109 „ 474 „ , 93 
The inflow has never been larger ( vide “ Gardens Bulletin ” II. 1919, page 137). 
In Singapore Crinum stenophyllum flowered. It is a water-plant found a 
century ago by collectors sent out from Calcutta, but lost sight of again until the 
Department got it from Lower Siam by the agency of Mr. Mohamed Haniff. 
lmpatiens Curtisii was found a serviceable pot plant, the seeds having been 
brought from the Taiping Hills by Mr. G. P. Owen in 1918. It refused to seed 
in Singapore, but is propagated by cuttings easily. Millingtonia hortensis flowered 
in the Singapore Gardens for the first time, but it has been grown in the district 
before : the trees are 17 years old. 
Into the Penang Garden was introduced a white flowered lmpatiens mirabilis . 
Monochoria elata, a Kedah plant introduced into the Penang Gardens a few' years 
