888 Mr A. Livingstone on the Solar Eclipse , Sept. 7. 1880. 
I remarked particularly was, that, for some seconds before it, 
I could perceive little or no difference in the appearance of 
the Impression of the D on the ©’s limb, and that the eclipse 
seemed to end (if I may use the expression) as if the © and 5 
had for a little adhered together, and then burst suddenly 
asunder. The telescope I used belonged to Mr Hardy ; it was 
not on a stand, but was rested so as to enable me to observe with 
ease, and, I think, tolerable accuracy. I observed at the top of 
Mr Hardy’s house, in Lat. 36° 9' 13" N. and nearly on the me- 
ridian of Europa Point. 
The altitudes for the horary angle were taken at the King’s 
Bastion, which cannot differ more than a second from the lati- 
tude of Mr Hardy’s house. 
I remark, that, in Number VI. of The Edinburgh Phi- 
losophical Journal , my remarks on the utility of the ther- 
mometer are inserted. I am happy to say that subsequent ex- 
perience has confirmed their accuracy ; and I have lately ob- 
served a remarkable difference in the temperature of the water 
in Gibraltar Bay, with easterly and westerly winds. The former 
raising the mercury, in Fahrenheit’s thermometer, four or five 
degrees higher than the latter; which unquestionably must arise 
from the waters of the Mediterranean being wanner than those 
of the Atlantic, and from the pressure of the easterly winds, or 
Levanters, as they are called at Gibraltar, giving the waters of 
the Mediterranean a westerly tendency. 
Mr Rumker * makes the Latitude of Europa Point, at Gib- 
raltar, 36° 5' 15" 
I make it by the sextant and artificial horizon, .... 36° 6 ' 10 " 
Malaga Mole (Lighthouse) has been hitherto erroneously 
given ; I made it by means of many meridian observations, ex- 
hibiting extremely accordant results, 36° 48' 18". The uncer- 
tainty arose from the discrepancy between former observations, 
caused by the exhalations from the river, which runs out into 
the sea almost on the line of the horizon, and which has caused 
most discordant results between observations taken by good ob- 
servers, and with excellent instruments, when taken by the na- 
tural horizon. 
Liverpool, 19 th May 1881. 
Edin. Phil. Jour. vol. i. p. 322. 
