3 
1 7. The Rules were amended by certain alterations in the charges for 
mangrove permits and royalties on other forest produce. Further amend- 
ments are contemplated. 
18. There was one case pending from 1927 and there were 75 new cases 
in 1928 making 76 cases for that year as compared with 112 in 1927 and 125 
in 1926. All were dealt with during the year. There was a decrease in the 
number of cases in Malacca, possibly due to the start in exploiting the forests 
in that settlement. Unworked forests are always robbed, while, when the 
forests are worked, the public can buy what it wants cheaply. In addition, a 
worked forest is full of guards, coolies and permit-holders, who all assist in 
its protection. 
19. The Magistrate dealt with 29 cases and convicted in 25. One case 
was withdrawn. In three cases the accused were discharged. Fines inflicted 
amounted to $462 or $18/48 per conviction as compared with $1,090 and $27 
in 1927. Nineteen cases were dealt with departmental ly, and $606 or v$3i/89 
per case was paid as compensation for damage. The corresponding figures 
for the previous year were 55, $1,185 anf l $21/54. 
20. There was an increase in the number of undetected cases, which were 
28 as compared with 13 in the previous year. Confiscated property was sold 
for $263 compared with $283 last year. 
21. There were no serious forest fires. Pigs and kera monkeys raided 
the market garden at Bukit Goa but left the trees alone. Monkeys destroyed 
a number of seedlings of bakaa minyak at Changi and crabs did similar 
damage at Tuas. 
IMPROVEMENT OF FORESTS. 
Natural reproduction. 
22. Damar laut flowered in July, and fruited profusely in October in 
Bukit Juru in Penang. Damar laut fruited in August in Bukit Senggeh in 
Malacca, but the seed w^as not fertile. Taban fruited in July— August in 
Ayer Ivroh in Malacca: 115,700 seeds were sold to an estate in Pahang for 
$253/-. A fair number of other Class I trees fruited lightly in the Malacca 
forests in January. 
PLANTING AND CULTURAL OPERATIONS. 
23. At Bukit Goa Ipoh a Chinaman who is trying to combine market 
gardening with the planting of forest trees (Taungya) cleared and planted 
his area and the forest department interplanted sena and mahogany. The 
blanks mentioned last year were supplied with sena and mahogany. 
24. Ten Malays in Bukit Langkap reserve and one in Bukit Juru reserve 
in the Province, have taken up leases for similar work. Nurseries have been 
started, but no planting of trees has yet. been done. An attempt to sow 
angsana direct in belukar at Bukit Juru failed and the area has been handed 
to a Malay to grow vegetables in the same manner. 
25. A small plantation of angsana was made in Telok Bahang in Penang 
on poor soil where taban failed before. The bamboo plantation in the same 
reserve, made in 1922 and 1924, was supplied with an undentified species, 
called the “golden bamboo” 
26. The ten acre plantation of chengal and angsana in the area burnt 
in Pantai Acheh in 1925 has been abandoned. What was done in the past 
has failed completely and it is considered that the difficulty of access and 
the rankness of the existing belukar (jungle grass) would make the cost ol 
a plantation here prohibitive. 
27. The plantation of taban at Ayer Kroh in Malacca was cleaned 
and some thinnings were made where the taban was too ciowded. The 
Tephrosia Candida which was sown in I 9 2 7 as a cover cro P f a ^ e( l to establish 
itself being unable to compete with lalang and other weeds. This is perhaps 
not to be marvelled at, as the area was under a crop of para rubber for years 
and the surface soil has vanished as the result of clean weeding. 
