ME. C. SCHOELEMMEE ON THE NOEMAL PAEAEEINS. 
121 
conducted fractional distillation I succeeded in obtaining about one litre of normal 
heptane, 600 cub. centims. of which distilled at 97°*5 to 98°, and the remainder at 98° 
to 99°. According to Pelouze and Cahours, the heptyl hydride from petroleum boils 
at 92° to 94° ; but this body was a mixture of the two isomerides. 
The heptyl chlorides boil at 145° to 160°, the principal fraction distilling, as I have 
formerly stated, at about 150°. The acetates which boil between 175° and 185° yielded, 
by acting on them with caustic potash, the two alcohols. The secondary heptyl alcohol 
boils at 160° to 162°, and the primary one at 170° to 175°. The former yields on oxi- 
C H ) 
dation methyl-pentyl ketone, i 5 > CO, and the latter oenanthylic acid, C 7 H 14 O. 
C 5 ii n J 
Methyl-pentyl ketone has a pleasant smell, like all these acetones ; it boils at 150° to 
152°, and combines with the bisulphites of the alkaline metals. By oxidizing it with 
chromic acid, acetic acid and pentylic acid are formed. The latter was isolated by 
repeated distillation of the aqueous solution of the two acids, the pentylic acid always 
coming over with the first portions, whilst the acetic acid is left in the residues, from 
which, by boiling them with silver carbonate, silver acetate was obtained, crystallizing 
in shining flat needles. 
0-585 of silver acetate left on ignition 0-378 Ag= 64-62 per cent. 
The distillate containing the pentylic acid was neutralized with sodium carbonate, the 
solution evaporated, and the residue decomposed by sulphuric acid. The acid, after 
being dried with phosphorus pentoxide and freed by distillation from a little acetic 
acid, boiled at 183° to 187°, and smelt exactly like that obtained from pentane. The 
calcium salt separates as a crystalline precipitate on heating the cold saturated solu- 
tion to about 70°, as well as on cooling down the boiling saturated solution to that 
temperature. The barium salt crystallized from the hot saturated solution in shining 
plates. 
0-338 of this salt lost, at ISO 0 , 0-0230 II 2 0. 
Calculated for (C 5 H 9 O^BaA l|H a . Eound. 
7-4 per cent. 6*8 per cent. 
The dry residue left on ignition 0-1835 Ba C0 3 . 
Calculated. Found. 
40-4 per cent. Ba 40-2 per cent. 
The oenanthylic acid was found to be identical with that obtained from castor-oil. 
That from heptane boiled at 219° to 222°, and the acid prepared from castor-oil at 219° 
to 221°. On treating equal quantities of the two acids with water and barium carbonate, 
and evaporating the two solutions to exactly the same volume, thin iridescent plates 
appeared on cooling, which grew into large plates and broad needles ; both salts are 
anhydrous. 
MDCCCLXXII. 
R 
