MR. C. SCHORLEMMER 0 N THE NORMAL PARAFFINS. 
122 
(1) 0467 of the salt from heptane lost, at 180°, 0*003 H 2 O; the residue left on 
ignition 0*232 BaC0 3 . 
(2) 0*615 of the salt from castor-oil lost, at 180°, 0*003 H 2 O, and the residue gave 
0*306 Ba C0 3 . 
Found. 
r A 
Calculated for (C 7 H 13 0 2 ) 2 Ba. I. II. 
34*43 per cent. Ba 34*5 per cent. 34*6 per cent. 
The mother-liquor of the barium salt from heptane gave with silver nitrate a white 
precipitate, which crystallized from boiling water in indistinct needles. 
0*387 of this salt gave 0*178 Ag=46*0 per cent. 
Calculated for C 7 H 13 0 2 Ag=45*6 per cent. 
As the secondary heptyl alcohol yields on oxidation acetic acid and ‘pentylic ox normal 
valerianic acid , it follows that the heptane is a normal hydrocarbon, having the consti- 
tution 
cti 3 - ch 2 - ch 2 - ch 2 - ch 2 - ch 2 - ch 3 . 
(Enanthylic acid is consequently a normal acid, and dihexyl, which Brazier and 
Gosletii obtained by the electrolysis of potassium oenanthylate, is therefore a normal 
hydrocarbon, to which I give the name dodecane, C 12 h 26 . 
Normal Dibutyl or Octane , C 8 H 18 . 
Normal butyl iodide, prepared by Lieben’s method from butyric acid, and boiling 
at 128° to 130°, is easily acted upon by sodium in the cold. After a sufficient quantity 
had been gradually added, the mixture was heated for some hours, and then the hydro- 
carbon distilled off and purified by the well-known methods. 
Dibutyl boils at 123° to 125°, and has at 17° the specific gravity 0*7032. These are 
exactly the properties of the octane which I have obtained from methyl-hexyl carbinol* 
and from sebacic acidf, and of that which Zincke prepared from his primary octyl 
alcohol J. As the properties of these hydrocarbons of different origin agree so very 
closely, it appears almost certain that they are identical. If so, the dioctyl, C 16 H 34 , 
which Zincke obtained as a by-product in preparing octane is also a normal paraffin, 
which I call liecdecane. 
We are now acquainted with the following normal paraffins or homologues of marsh- 
gas, in which the carbon atoms are linked together in a single chain §. 
* Proc. Roy. Soc. vol. xvi. p. 376. 
i Ann. Chem. Pharm. vol. elii. p. 1. 
f Hid. 
§ Comp. Proc. Roy. Soc. vol. six. p. 488. 
