MYOLOGY OF THE CHEIEOPTEEA. 
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the scapula ; the superior portion sends a few of its fibres to the outer eighth of the 
clavicle. In Phmoloplms diadema and speoris the arrangement is the same. In the 
Vampyres the muscle is divided into an upper and lower part also ; the upper from the 
four superior dorsal spines to the acromion, the lower begins two or three vertebrae 
below, and extends down to the second from the last dorsal vertebra : this portion is 
connected to the latissimus dorsi at its origin, and reminds one of the inferior trapezius 
in the bird. The lowest fibres of this muscle are continued into the posterior marginal 
fibres of the acromial deltoid, a tendinous inscription marking the line of fusion. An 
approach to this doubleness exists in the Pipistrelle, in which the central part of a single 
trapezius is ! intersected by a tendinous line. In the Megaderma I traced the principal 
part of the spinal accessory distinctly into this muscle, the upper branch of it going, as 
before mentioned, to the occipito-pollicalis. In all the upper border of trapezius is twice 
or thrice as thick as the lower. 
Rhomboideus (Plate XV. fig. 2 ,j) is a single undivided muscle in all, never prolonged 
up to the occiput ; its fibres do not rise higher than the spine of the first dorsal ver- 
tebra, and they extend to the fourth in the Pipistrelle and Plecotus, to five in Myotus , 
Cephalotes , Eleutherura, and Megaderma. It is strongest in the Pteropi, next in the 
Phyllostomidse. Meckel states that it arises from the lowest cervical vertebrae, but this 
I have not found in any species ; its insertion is into the hinder margin of the post- 
scapula, and in Megaderma it extends to the hinder edge of the meso-scapula. 
Serratus posticus superior in all is very thin, so thin, indeed, as to be scarcely demon- 
strable ; it is only attached to two ribs in Myotus , Synotus , and Plecotus, to three ribs 
in Vampyrops and Artibeus , to the four uppermost, except the first, in Cephalotes. 
Meckel says the superior is much stronger than the inferior; but I found very little 
difficulty in tracing both in many of the species, and in Megaderma the lower is the 
stronger. 
Serratus posticus inferior, still thinner, is only attached to two ribs in the Pipistrelle, 
to the same number in Vampyrops , to five in Cephalotes, to three in Megaderma, in 
which it is proportionally strongest. 
Splenius (Plate XIII. fig. 9, a, & Plate XV. fig. 2, d), a single large muscle arising from 
the five lowermost cervical and one dorsal spines ; in all it is undivided and attached 
to the occiput, as well as to the two or three upper cervical transverse processes. In 
Pteropus it is purely occipital, and has a tendinous insertion. 
In Megaderma lyra this muscle covers over a rhombo-atloid slip, which passes from 
the transverse process of the atlas to the spine of the first dorsal vertebra. I did not 
see this in any other species. This muscle occurs elsewhere as an anomaly in Man. 
Complexus in the Vampyrops is a thick muscular mass, including in it the complexus 
proper, trachelo-mastoid, and the biventer cervicis ; it presents no intersections. In 
Megaderma and Pteropus the biventer is separate, and is strong and straight with a 
distinct linear transverse inscription ; it arises from the spine and transverse processes 
of the upper dorsal vertebrae (one or two), and is inserted into the occiput. The com- 
