144 
PROFESSOR A. MACALISTER ON THE 
In BMnoloplms diadema the coraco-brachialis is shorter than in any other species. In 
FleutTierura and Fpomophorus this muscle has its insertion into a tendinous sling, such 
as that which Professor Henle figures as the normal method of its insertion in Man 
(Muskellehre, fig. 86), and it occupies the middle third of the humerus ; in this species 
likewise the origin is separated from the origin of the coraco-cutaneus by the external 
cutaneous nerve. In Pteropus edulis this muscle extends halfway down the arm, is 
pierced by the external cutaneous, and from its posterior side it gives an origin to the 
inner head of the triceps. 
Biceps flexor cubiti (Plate XIII. fig. 13, f) always consists of two heads, which are very 
separate, at their origins at least ; the internal of these arises from the extremity of the 
coracoid process, the external from the margin of the glenoid cavity at the foot of that 
process on its outer side : the former of these soon becomes fleshy, forming a wide thick 
upper fleshy part of the muscle ; the latter runs from its origin over the upper part of 
the humerus as a thick hard strap, and becomes fleshy on a lower level than the former. 
Professor Humphry remarks that neither can be called truly glenoidal ; but the same 
author has elsewhere remarked that the long head usually springs from that part of the 
glenoid cavity which belongs to the coracoid process. In Cephalotes Pallasii the cora- 
coid tendon passes further than usual before becoming fleshy, and lies in front of the 
coraco-brachialis ; the two bellies in this species likewise are perfectly distinct for their 
whole extent, and they are inserted into the radius, the coracoid being in front of the 
other part: in this species the tendon of the long head extends into the shoulder-joint; 
the belly in connexion with this head is three times the size of the coracoid belly. In 
Plecotus the two parts unite high up, and form a very short and very thick belly, which 
is very protuberant in the arm under the insertion of the pectoral muscle ; this is only 
one fourth the length of the arm, and its tendon of insertion is twice as long below : in 
the Pipistrelle there is a similar long tendon. In Vampyrops the coracoid head is fleshy 
above, and becomes sooner tendinous than the glenoid ; the upper tendon of the latter is 
very thick where it passes over the shoulder-joint. In Macroglossus the coracoid biceps 
is one third the size of the glenoid ; they are nearly equal in Vampyrops ; and in Artibeus 
they are similar, but proportionally larger than in the last named. 
In Woctulina the coracoid is one half the size of the glenoid, and the tendon of 
insertion is very long. The biceps in all is inserted into the ulnar or inner side of the 
radius below its tubercle, a bursa lying under the tendon ; this tendon is single in Ple- 
cotus, Synotus, Noctulina, Vespertilio, Vesperugo, and Scotopliilus. In no case did I find 
any humeral head, or the slightest trace of any fibres from the humerus into the biceps 
in any of the nineteen specimens dissected. This is remarkable, as Meckel has described 
the biceps in the Bat as arising from the coracoid and the humerus, which soon unite 
(Anat. Comp. vol. vi. p. 290); and Professor Humphry in the female Pteropus found 
some fibres of the bracliialis anticus going into the biceps. In Megaderma lyra the 
coracoid head is one third of the glenoid. In Phinolophus diadema the two are separate 
for their whole length : in the coracoid the belly is one fourth of the arm, and the tendon 
