452 
ME. E. J. EEED ON THE UNEQUAL DISTEIBUTION OF 
The third typical ship, the ‘ Bellerophon,’ next claims attention ; and I shall suppose 
her to occupy the two extreme positions of support amongst waves of the same dimen- 
sions as those taken in the ‘ Victoria and Albert,’ 300 feet long and 20 feet high. The 
results of the calculations are graphically recorded in Plate XX. fig. 25 and Plate XXI. 
figs. 2G & 27. It has been previously shown that the still-water strains of the ‘ Bellero- 
phon’ bear much resemblance to those of the ‘Victoria and Albert,’ and the same thing 
is true of their strains on the wave-crests and in the wave-hollows. The fact that the 
excess of weight amidships in still water is proportionately less in the ‘ Bellerophon’ than 
it is in the ‘ Victoria and Albert’ prepares us, however, for the result which calculation 
develops, viz. that the hogging-moment of the ‘ Bellerophon’ on the wave-crest bears a 
larger proportion to the sagging-moment in the wave-hollow than the corresponding hog- 
ging-moment of the ‘ Victoria and Albert’ bears to the corresponding sagging-moment. 
On the wave-crest the excess of buoyancy amidships in the ‘ Bellerophon’ amounts to 1000 
tons (a striking change from the 250 tons defect existing in still water), while the excesses 
of weight at the bow and stern amount to 445 and 555 tons respectively ; the resulting 
strains, — maximum shearing-force 555 tons, maximum hogging-moment 43,600 foot-tons. 
The latter is about 3§ times the maximum hogging-moment for still water ; and it is expe- 
rienced by a section very near the middle of the length, although the section of maxi- 
mum still-water strain is considerably abaft the midship section. In the wave-hollow 
the conditions of strain are exactly reversed. We then have an excess of weight of 1240 
tons amidships, and excesses of buoyancy amounting to no less than 640 and 600 tons at 
the bow and stern respectively ; the maximum shearing-force becomes 640 tons, and the 
maximum sagging-moment is 48,800 foot-tons, about four times the maximum hogging- 
moment in still water, and about 5200 foot-tons greater than the maximum hogging- 
moment on the wave-crest. Put into the form of a summary, these results stand as 
follows : — 
‘Bellerophon’ type. Strains under various conditions. 
Still Water. 
On Wave -crest. 
In Wave -hollow. 
Maximum shearing-force 1 
-7- displacement. J 
Maximu m bendin g-mom entl 
-r- displacement X length./ 
l 
3 3 
176 (hogging) 
l 
1 3 
4 ir (hogging) 
l 
l l 
T 3 (sagging) 
Here, then, we have another case in which the maximum sagging-strain exceeds (although 
not largely) the maximum hogging-strain, and which confirms the opinion previously 
expressed respecting the impropriety of considering hogging as the only strain which 
need be considered when arranging the details of a ship’s structure. 
Some interest also attaches to a comparison between the strains of the two typical 
ironclads ‘ Minotaur’ and ‘Bellerophon,’ viewed merely as types of form and distribution 
