45i 
Botrychmm simplex , Hitchcock . 
stem-apex relatively much more important. The cotyledon is very much 
like that of B. ohliquum at a similar stage of development, showing a very 
large basal sheath which encloses the stem-apex and the young second leaf. 
The upper part of the leaf, however, is less developed than in B. obliquum. 
It strikingly resembles the early stages of the leaves of the older sporo- 
phyte shown by Bruchmann in his Fig. 57. 
The stem-apex of the young sporophyte (Text-fig. 7, B) shows a large 
apical cell, which differs from that of B. lunaria in having a truncate base. 
It thus closely resembles that of B. obliquum or Ophioglosstim. 
The second leaf (Text-fig. 7, C) forms a blunt cone, whose summit 
is occupied by a single large cell, presumably the apical cell of the more 
advanced leaf. 
The primary vascular bundle is now clearly visible, extending from the 
cotyledon into the root. As the root makes a decided angle with the coty- 
ledon, only the base of the root-bundle shows in the figure. Bruchmann 
shows exactly the same condition in B. lunaria , where, however, owing to 
the very rudimentary nature of the cotyledon, the bundle does not extend 
into it. While the development of the apical bud is decidedly more advanced 
in B. simplex than in B. lunaria , its further development, as in the latter, is 
slow when compared with the development of the root-system, and the 
general type of the young sporophyte is much more like that of B. lunaria 
than like that of B. virginianum or B . obliquum , where the cotyledon is so 
conspicuous. 
In B. simplex , while the cotyledon is still small, a second root develops, 
and soon after a third, while the apical bud remains quite inconspicuous 
(Fig. 16). This young sporophyte showed two large roots and a third 
smaller one, while the terminal bud, although quite small, was still more 
conspicuous than in similar stages of B. lunaria. The gametophyte (pr.) 
can still be seen. As will be seen from a section of this plant (Text- 
fig. 8, A), the cotyledon and stem-apex are scarcely more developed than at 
the time of the emergence of the primary root, but nevertheless are decidedly 
more so than in corresponding stages of B. lunaria. 
The steles of the three roots unite near the centre of the sporophyte, 
where they are joined by the bundle from the cotyledon ; but there is no 
stelar tissue belonging to the stem-apex. Near the junction of the 
cotyledonary bundle and that of the third root can be seen a group of 
tracheides which can be seen to connect also with the base of the second 
root. By examining a series of sections, this tracheary tissue can be found 
to merge with the xylem of the primary r.oot, and forms a solid strand of 
xylem in the centre of the axis of the young sporophyte. 
Near the base of the primary root (Text-fig. 9, D) two very unequal 
xylems appear, but nearer the apex of the root the smaller one disappears 
and the bundle becomes monarch. 
