454 Campbell . — The Garnet op hyte and Embryo of 
formed, which never appear above ground, before the first functional leaf — 
a sporophyll — is developed. 1 He believes that only one leaf— even the 
rudimentary ones — is formed each year, but this seems rather unlikely. 
As in B. simplex, it appears that in B. lunaria there is no cauline stele, 
but all the stelar tissues belong to the roots, or to the rudimentary traces of 
the early leaves. 
Summary and Conclusion. 
t. Botrychium simplex , the smallest species of the genus, is undoubtedly 
nearly related to B. lunaria , but is specifically distinct. 
2. The gametophyte of B. simplex resembles closely in size and 
structure that of B. lunaria. It is much smaller than that of the other species 
of Botrychium that have been examined. There is probably a single apical 
cell present. The rhizoids are less developed than in B. lunaria and the 
endophytic fungus is less conspicuous. 
3. The sexual organs are much like those of B. lunaria , but the 
antheridia and spermatozoids are somewhat larger. 
4. The presence of a ventral canal-cell (or a nucleus representing 
this) is doubtful. This is the case also in other species of Botrychium . 
5. More than one archegonium may be fertilized, but no cases 
were seen where more than one sporophyte was developed from the same 
gametophyte. 
6. The embryo, on the whole, resembles that of B. lunaria ; but the early 
divisions are variable and much more irregular, in which respect it is more 
like that of B. virginianum. 
7. The apical bud of the young sporophyte is much better developed 
than in B. lunaria . The apical cell of the stem is not tetrahedral, but has 
a truncate base, as in B. obliquum. The cotyledon is functional, but much 
smaller than that of B. obliquum or B. virginianum. The second leaf is 
a sporophyll. 
8. The root-system develops much more rapidly than the apical bud, 
but does not preponderate so much as in B . lunaria. The roots are of the 
ordinary type, with a tetrahedral apical cell. The first root may be 
monarch ; the succeeding roots are diarch. 
9. The vascular skeleton of the young sporophyte is made up exclu- 
sively of the steles belonging to the roots and leaves. 
In spite of the much less regular divisions in the young embryo } 
B , simplex agrees pretty closely with B. lunaria . These members of the 
section Eubotrychium have a much smaller gametophyte than the other 
species that have been studied, and the young sporophyte is characterized 
by the preponderant development of the root-system compared with the 
foliar structures. 
1 Loc. cit., p. 223. 
