538 
Woodburn . — Spermatogenesis in 
Telophase. 
Various stages of telophase were carefully examined, but no body was 
discovered which might with certainty be termed a centrosome or a blepharo- 
plast (Figs. 14-17). 
Formation of the Blepharoplast and Development of 
the Sperm. 
The blepharoplast was first seen as a densely-staining body, somewhat 
elongated, lying close to the boundary of the protoplast which later functions 
as a sperm. 
Two sperms are formed from one of the cubical cells (androcyte mother- 
cells) of the antheridium. The last spindle does not occur obliquely with 
the same regularity as in Marchantia or Conocephalum . All of the cyto- 
plasm of the androcyte mother-cell is not used in the formation of the two 
sperms. Each of Figs. 19 to 2 1 shows one of the pair of sperms found in 
each of three mother-cells. A definite membrane develops some distance 
away from the nucleus, but does not enclose all of the peripheral cytoplasm. 
The blepharoplast first makes its appearance upon the inner surface of this 
membrane, as a deeply-staining lump or short band of cytoplasm (Figs. 19 
and 20). The cytoplasm becomes more dense just within the enclosing 
membrane, leaving the space around the nucleus somewhat vacuolate. Very 
densely-staining material often collects on the inner surface of this membrane 
(Fig. 21). It is along this course that the blepharoplast develops. The 
material which produces the blepharoplasts collects in a rather lumpy 
granular band. The writer has earlier emphasized the possible close 
association or intermingling of nuclear and cytoplasmic material during the 
metamorphosis of the androcyte, and that in certain cases the nucleus and 
blepharoplast become quite indistinguishable. There is here additional 
evidence of the outward diffusion of material from the nucleus. In some 
cases it consists of finely divided or scarcely stained material ; in others of 
larger lumps of coagulated substance. Careful observations were made to 
determine the effect of the killing fluid upon the structure of the protoplasm. 
At this stage, cells near the periphery of the antheridium, where the killing 
fluid had penetrated rapidly, appear as in Figs. 19 and 20 ; while those into 
which the fluid had filtered more slowly frequently showed the protoplasm 
much coagulated, as in Figs. 17 and 18. 
Other writers have described the extrusion of material from the nucleus 
into the cytoplasm during this period. 
[Figs. 22 to 27 indicate the remaining steps in the development of the 
sperm. Manuscript pertaining to this part of spermatogenesis was not 
found.] 
