FROM QUATERNARY DEPOSITS IN THE VALLEY OE MEXICO. 
67 
Professor Burmeister states that M. Bra yard lias deposited in the Public Museum of 
Buenos Ayres part of a mandible with the three posterior molars, which seemed iden- 
tical with those of Auchenia intermedia , Gerv.* No other fossil evidence of an Auchenia 
had come to Professor Burmeister’s knowledge in 1867. 
In that year (1867) I was favoured by receiving from Bon Antonio del Castillo, 
Mining Engineer of Mexico, through the kind intermedium of E. T. C. Middleton, Esq., 
Sec. to Her Majesty’s Legation, Mexico, photographs and casts of six of the cervical 
vertebras, and photographs of the lower molar series and canines of an Auchenia , much 
exceeding in size any remains suggesting an animal intermediate between a Lama and a 
Camel. Without knowing the degree in which the fossil Cameline remains from the 
Brazilian cavern “ exceeded a horse in size,” one cannot judge of the difference or resem- 
blance in that character between Lund’s fossil and those about to be described ; but the 
probability is in favour of Professor Gervais’s estimate, as exemplified in his Auchenia 
Weddellii. According thereto the extinct species of Lama from Mexico must greatly 
exceed in size any of which we have had previous indications. The evidences above 
specified were found by Don Antonio del Castillo, in or beneath volcanic tufa, in the 
valley of Mexico, associated with remains of Elephas and Mastodon. 
Don Antonio del Castillo informs me that “ the teeth lay, when exposed, in their 
natural position ; but much of the jaw had crumbled or dissolved away after entomb- 
ment.” 
In that position his photographs of the inside view, and of an oblique upper and 
outside view were taken, and with these I received admeasurements of the several teeth 
in millimeters. 
The teeth consist of the series of grinders, in number five, not four as in Camelus and 
Auchenia , also of a minute caniniform premolar rising about halfway in the long diastema 
between the molar series and the canine ; this tooth was likewise present, small, com- 
pressed, subrecurved. Of the incisors I have received no information. 
Concluding that they existed in the number common to the Camelidce , the dental 
formula of the mandibular ramus, in the present fossil, would be: — i 3, cl,p?>, m 3 
= 10 (Plate IV. fig. 3). The series of five molars (ib. figs. 1 & 2) includes p 3, p 4, m 1, 
m2, m3 ; the advanced rudimental premolar may be p 1, fig. 3f ; then, with a shorter 
interval, comes the canine, c. 
It is rare to find in any Auchenia , still more rare in Camelus , the lower penultimate 
* Gr. Burmeister, M. & Phil. D. Anales del Museo Publico de Buenos Aires, 4to (Entrega Quarta), 1867, 
p. 234. 
t The decomposed state of the jaw photographed makes the precise position of this rudimental tooth some- 
what uncertain ; hut of its existence in the alveolar part of the long diastema there is no doubt. 
[I regret that the political troubles in Mexico, followed by the withdrawal of our Legation, and an anarchical 
condition of the Capital, suspended my relations with the accomplished discoverer of the fossils described in the 
present paper. — February 1870.] 
