PROFESSOR WOOD ON THE NECK- AND SHOULDER-MUSCLES. 
93 
Black Bear, Coati, Badger, Genette, Polecat, Dog, and Otter. It is also figured in the 
Hedgehog, Mole, and Armadillo. In the Orycteropus it is noted as the rhomboide du 
cou. It figures also in the Hippopotamus, Peccary, and Pig ; in the Hare, Beaver (large), 
Paca, Agouti, Capybara, Porcupine, Babbit, and Squirrel ; and in the great Kangaroo, 
Kangaroo-Bats, and Phalangers. Both Cuvier, and Meckel also figure it in the Orni- 
thorhynchus. In the Orycteropus capensis the rhomboideus minor is described as reaching 
to the occipital crest by Humphry (Journ. of Anat. and Phys. May 1868, p. 299) and 
by J. C. Galton (Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi. p. 590). The former author also describes 
the same arrangement in the Seal ; and the latter states that, in the Six-bancled Arma- 
dillo, the occipito-scapular muscle is enormously developed, arising from the whole of the 
occipital crest, and inserted into the supraspinous fascia, as well as into the upper angle 
of the scapula (op. cit. p. 525). 
It is described by Krause in the Babbit under the name of the levator anguli sca- 
pulae vel scapulae minor (Anat. des Kaninchens, Leipzig, 1865, S. 104), and also by 
Mivart and Murie in the same animal. The latter authors also describe it in the Ilyrax 
capensis as blended with the rhomboids, and in the Hare and Guinea-pig under the name 
of the occipito-scapular or rhomboideus capitis (Proceedings of the Zoological Society, 
April 1865, p. 335, and June 1866, p. 393). 
In the Echidna hystrix Mivart describes the rhomboideus cervicalis as reaching up to 
the occiput (Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxv. 1866). I have myself found this muscle in the 
Bonnet-Monkey, separate from the other rhomboids (Plate X. fig. 12, d d), and also in 
the Hedgehog (Plate XI. fig. 22, d), Mole (Plate X. fig. 11, d). In the last it constitutes 
a very distinct ribbon-shaped muscle (d), lying upon and parallel to the splenius (li), in 
no way connected with the other rhomboids, which are very feeble and almost wanting, 
nor with the trapezius (T), which overlies it. I have also found it in the Dog, Cat (Plate 
XI. fig. 23, d), Badger (Plate X. fig. 14, d), Weasel (fig. 15, d), Babbit (fig. 16, d), 
Squirrel (fig. 18, d), and Norway Bat (fig. 19, d), in which last animal it is of a great 
size. This muscle has thus a very extensive range of existence in the Mammalia, and is 
represented by many specimens in most of the families. A very striking instance of 
modification in the attachment and uses of a muscle, having a suggestive resemblance 
to the differentiation of the splenius in the human variety before described (rhombo-atloid), 
is found in the lower attachment of this muscle in the Mole (see fig. 11, h). In this 
animal the splenius is a large, thick, and powerful muscle, lying immediately under the 
occipito-scapular , attached extensively in front to the occiput, and tapering off behind, 
where it is attached, not to the spinous processes of the vertebrae, but to the end of the 
scapula, which are united to each other across the spine by an interscapular ligament, 
upon the superficial surface of which are developed a few transverse fibres, feebly repre- 
senting the rhomboids. The whole apparatus is freely moveable backwards and forwards 
upon the spine. According to Meckel, there is developed in the cervical and dorsal 
supraspinous ligaments in this situation an ossicle or cartilage, but this I was unable to 
find in the specimen which I examined and from which the drawing was taken. 
