PROFESSOR WOOD ON TELE NECK- AND SHOULDER-MUSCLES. 
99 
other passing over the shoulder adherent to the trapezius , to help to form the levator 
humeri muscle at its insertion into the proximal end of the radius. They point out that 
this part probably led Meckel to the false homology of considering this muscle to be 
represented by the anterior part of the trapezius. In the Hare they found that the 
outer part was inserted into the metacromial process. In the Porcupine, Capybara, and 
Paca the acromio-basilar is very large, and in them, as well as in the Agouti, Guinea-pig, 
Squirrel, Norway Pat, and Pat-mole of the Cape, it is placed superficial to the trapezius 
at its insertion into the acromion process. In the Guinea-pig I have found it to join the 
rectus capitis anticus major, and to be attached with it to the base of the cranium ; in 
the Squirrel and Norway Pat, however, it arose, in the specimens I have dissected, from 
the transverse process of the atlas only. Meckel did not seem to recognize it as a sepa- 
rate muscle in the Agouti, Paca, Squirrel, Hamster, or Guinea-pig, appearing to consider 
it as part of the trapezius. In the Hyrax capensis , according to Murie and Mivart, it 
is strong, arising from the transverse process of the atlas, passing over the neck of the 
scapula, and inserted into the fascia covering the teres minor (Proc. Zool. Soc. April 
1865, p. 334). In the Elephant, according to Cuvier and Laurillard’s plates, it is large 
and superficial to the trapezius at its insertion ; this is also the case with the Horse 
and Ass. In the Hippopotamus, Peccary, Pig, and Tapir it is small, and placed at its 
insertion superficial to, or on a level with, the trapezius. 
In the Kangaroo Haughton describes it as very broad, arising from the three upper 
cervical transverse processes, and inserted into the whole length of the clavicle as well 
as into the outer third of the scapular spine {op. cit. vol. ix. part 4). Cuvier also 
describes it as large in the Great Kangaroo, Sarigue, and Phalangers, and inserted under 
cover of the trapezius , a well-marked and distinct levator anguli scapulae being also 
figured as coexistent in the 4 Recueil cle Planches.’ 
The levator claviculce was found by Mivart in the Iguana tuberculata, arising from 
the transverse process of the atlas, and inserted into the acromial end of the clavicle and 
front margin of the scapula (Proc. Zool. Soc. June 1867, p. 780). 
Cleulo-occipital Muscle. — Second clei do-mastoid of Meckel; portio cervicalis trapezii 
of Cuvier; trapezius clavicularis of Haughton ; clavo-cucullaire of Strauss-Durckiieim. 
In the Mammalia this muscle approaches most closely to its occasional formation in 
the human subject among the higher Simiadce. It is distinguished from the sterno - 
and cleido-mastouls on the one hand, and the trapezius on the other, in the Chimpanzee 
and Orang, where we find a simple areolar interval between it and these muscles. It is 
marked in the 4 Recueil des Planches ’ of Cuvier and Laurillard, both in the text and 
illustrations of Callithrix, Sajou, and Marmoset. I have found it but slightly sepa- 
rated in the Macacus radiatus (Plate X. fig. 12, c). It is very broad in the Slender 
Loris and Mold vari. It is well marked and quite distinct in the Hedgehog (Plate XI. 
fig. 22, c), being attached below to the clavicle, outside of and deeper than the cleido- 
mastoid {b) ; and above to the curved ridge of the occipital bone, in connexion with the 
insertion of the trapezius (T). It is seen in the figure of the Tenrec given by Cuvier 
