DR. J. CLELAND ON THE VARIATIONS OF THE HUMAN SKULL. 
173 
78 & 79, Peruvian. — 78, skull of supposed Inca, from Temple of the Sun. The roof 
is partially covered with fine brown hair, 3 or 4 inches long. The only evidences of 
compression are a slight depression and want of symmetry above the occipital tuberosity 
and a slight flatness in the midfroutal region, which might be the accidental result of 
wearing some kind of head-dress. 79, also a supposed Inca, “ dug up near Arica, in a 
burial-ground which had been disused since the conquest by Pizarro in 1532, by R. T. C. 
Scott, Surgeon, H.M.S. Talbot.” The results of compression by bandages are very 
obvious. 
80, skull of Burke the murderer. — The peculiarities of this singular skull are probably 
chiefly referable to gravitation changes prematurely setting in, either from softness of 
the bones or carrying weights on the head. 
81, “skull of Pepe, a Spaniard, captain of a piratical crew, who was captured at the 
Isle of Pines, by Captain Graham, R.N.” — From accounts of this man, which do not 
seem to have passed through many hands, he appears to have been a monster of bru- 
tality. The skull is also a singular one. The foramino-optic line is extremely long, and 
the cranial curvature deficient, while the posterior half of the skull appears to be too 
slender from above downwards for the fore part. The condyles are unusually prominent ; 
and by this circumstance, together with the deficient cranial curvature, the head is thrown 
in the diagram into a position which it could scarcely have occupied in life. 
82, Swiss. — This is probably a female skull. 
83, Turk. 
84, Tartar. 
85, Chinese. — The skull of a young man. 
86, Maori. — For the opportunity of examining this skull, in the possession of Dr. 
Murray, who brought it from New Zealand, I am indebted to the kindness of Dr. Henry 
S. Wilson. 
87, Hottentot Chief. — This is an uncommonly large skull with a very large orbito- 
nasal angle. 
88, Carib. — This skull is remarkable for its flat retreating forehead, great orbital 
length, and long base-line. The orbito-nasal angle is rather small. 
89, French acrocephalus. — The deformity is the result apparently of synostosis of the 
lower parts of the coronal suture, whereby the growth of the orbital length has been 
checked, while the loss of growth forwards has been supplemented by exaggerated 
height at the vertex. The dorsum sellse reaches above the level of the anterior cranial 
fossa ; and the levelness of base indicates that the brain has exercised pressure down- 
wards as well as upwards. 
90, a low and elongated skull illustrating aberrant form not caused by synostosis. — 
It is toothless, the frontal suture open, as also the others, save that the lower parts of 
the coronal and the fronto-sphenoidal sutures are beginning to fade. 
91, skull with the base curiously driven in, as if by carrying great weights, such as a 
baker’s tray. 
2 A 
MDCCCLXX. 
