Averaging the eight definite records of the Song Sparrow’s complete 
awakening included in the foregoing notes, I make it 29f minutes (practi- 
cally an even half-hour) before sunrise. The average of nine records of the 
earliest song heard from this species is 45 minutes before sunrise. On eight 
mornings one or more Song Sparrow songs preceded at varying intervals 
the full awakening, and on three of these occasions the early songs pre- 
ceded the Robin, but the average of these earliest songs is about 9 minutes 
later than the Robin, while the average of what I regard as the actual 
awakening of the Song Sparrow is 15 minutes later still. The situation is 
complicated a little by the fact that .my Robins and Chipping Sparrows 
seem to be later risers than the average of their respective species. The 
average of the six definite records I got here in these two years for the 
height of the season (excluding the April 10 record) is only 53§ minutes 
before sunrise, nearly 10 minutes later than the average obtained from my 
former observations. My Chipping Sparrows, too, with an average of 36 
minutes before sunrise for ten mornings, are some 10 minutes later than my 
former average. On the other hand, I find that my Crows wake unusually 
early for this species, the average of eight records made in 1912, 1913, and 
1914 being 42 minutes before sunrise, while my previous average from 
various localities was 34 minutes before sunrise, precisely the same as Mr. 
H. W. Wright’s latest Jefferson, N. H., average (‘ The Auk,’ XXX, 529, 
October, 1913). This may be because my post of observation is near a 
nesting-ground of Crows, but, taken in connection with the lateness of my 
Robins and Chipping Sparrows, it suggests that local or individual variation 
may account for all such differences. In the case of the Song Sparrow, 
however, my new notes, made with the matter of nocturnal singing defi- 
nitely in mind, show a much greater difference, and though local or indi- 
vidual variation may play some part in it, I am moderately certain that 
it is chiefly to be accounted for by the more careful exclusion of night songs. 
These observations strengthen my conviction that the Robin’s well- 
established reputation as an early bird cannot be successfully assailed by 
either of the two sparrows in question. As to the four other birds which 
Mr. Wright in his paper of October, 1913, ranks ahead of the Robin, it 
may be pertinent to call attention to the fact that three of them — the 
Wood Pewee, Oven-bird, and White-throated Sparrow — are known to be 
addicted to this same habit of nocturnal singing. Mr. Wright gives good 
evidence that, on some occasions at least, the Wood Pewee deserves the 
high rank he gives it, but as to the Oven-bird and the White-throated 
Sparrow the evidence is not quite so clear. The flight-song of the Oven- 
bird, is, so far as my experience goes, peculiarly an afternoon and evening 
performance. I have heard it before noon, but only on rare occasions, 
and if I heard it in the very early morning I should instinctively regard it 
as left over from the evening before rather than belonging to the coming 
day. The White-throated Sparrow has been called the “ Nightingale of 
the North.” The last time I heard its morning awakening on its breeding- 
ground was on August 8, 1913, on Sunapee Mountain, N. H. It then sang 
