20 
to Kudat I was present when the Rev. W. H. Elton and his lay reader married two of 
them in the temporary church in the presence of a very considerable congregation. 
I believe that having a clergyman among them does help to keep them together, 
and with the Bishop of Malacca backing your efforts 1 have no doubt of the successful 
end of your movements. 
-H- -K- -X- • * 
Should you be in want of any further information on this or any other subject 
that it is in my power to procure for you, I trust that you will not hesitate to command 
my services, which will be most willingly and readily put at your disposal. 
I am &c., 
4 L. P. BEAUFORT. 
XVI. [Enclosure .] 
To the Acting Government Secretary. 
The terms on which we obtained Hakkas were — payment of passage money; 
advances of food or money, at the rate of $3 per single man and $6 per married 
couple per month, which were continued until the vegetable gardens were supplying 
stuff for sale. Each man had one acre lofted out, and I employed the men and 
women in clearing the jungle, building houses for themselves, and while so working 
I believe I paid them a little more than the advance (as I would have done to other 
coolies). 
By the time I stopped the advances I had so established the Hakkas that they 
really had some interest in going on with their gardens. They had poultry and pigs, 
and I had given them coffee and pepper (very little pepper) and fruit trees, pineapples, 
and bananas. Out of 96 souls settled in 1883 (February) the number remaining in 1886 
was about 50, who were sufficient to keep up the clearings, the others having found 
employment in Kudat, &c., and the whole community was a thriving one. They sent 
money to China to bring down their relations, and in 1890 I reported the number 
established near Kudat to be nearly 1,000, cultivating nearly 100 acres.* Both the 
figures are much larger now, probably double. 
N.B . — The advances were never reclaimed, and I note that the men received 
$10 each in China for tools, and two married men received $5 each. The total 
amount advanced to the 90 men, women and children was $2,778, and no advances 
were made after April, 1884. This sum, $2,778, included passage money, building 
material, freight on plants, &c. 
And the whole success of the settlement was due to the people being promptly 
employed on clearing and planting their own land, and thereby obtaining a substantial 
interest in it. 
, HENRY WALKER, 
Commissioner of Lands. 
P.S. — The terms on which they were to acquire a grant was on payment of 25 
cents per acre per annum. 
XVII. 
Government Offices, Labuan, 
22nd December, 1891 . 
To W. H. Treacher, Esq., C.M.G., 
Acting British Resident, Perak. 
Dear Sir, — The Hakka settlement in January, 1884, looked like being a com- 
plete failure — only 29 men, women and children were left, and they talked of going. 
Measures were taken which caused them to stop, and they were informed that their 
advances would cease in four months. The Hakkas began then to really work, and 
being visited continually were kept up to the mark. There are now some 800 
Hakkas (men, women and children) round Kudat who are cultivating about 500 acres 
of land. The original settlement may therefore be considered to have answered well. 
The faults to be avoided are : — ■ 
(i). Placing the settlement too far from the town where the people sell their 
* Mr. G. L. Davies says 500 acres. Vide post . 
