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until all the skins, pulp and stalks are removed. 
The pepper-corns are then removed from the tub 
and placed on mats to dry in the sun. 
The local prices (Oct. 1923) for pepper are: — Black 
$15.50 and White (Sarawak) $23.00 per pikul, 
respectively. 
Uses . — The chief use of pepper is as a spice or 
condiment. It is used also for medicinal purposes. 
IPECACUANHA. 
( Psychotria Ipecacuanha) . 
The ipecacuanha plant is a small perennial indi- 
genous to the dense, humid forests of Brazil. 
Most of the ipecacuanha of commerce is derived 
from Matto Grosso in Brazil. The United Kingdom 
imports about 50,000 lbs. annually, and the United 
States of America a similar quantity. 
Cultivation . — The plant is propagated readily from 
root cuttings, which should be taken preferably from 
mature plants. The cuttings are prepared by slicing 
the fresh roots with a sharp knife into small pieces 
about a quarter of an inch in length. These are 
placed in a horizontal position in boxes of specially 
prepared soil consisting of a mixture of two-thirds 
sand and one-third humus. After planting the cut- 
tings, a thin layer of sand is put on the surface 
and the cuttings are watered carefully. Under such 
conditions the cuttings will strike in about one 
month and, at the end of two months, they should 
be pricked off about four inches apart into other 
boxes filled with equal parts of sand and jungle 
