( 23 ) 
hibernation may take place in the seed, although it 
is doubtful whether this occurs in seed grown in 
this country. 
The salient .points in control are the creation of 
close seasons and the treatment of seed prior to 
sowing. 
E arias insulana, Boisd., and E arias fahia , Stoll., 
(Noctuidae). 
The “Spotted Boll-worms ” are present throughout 
Malaya. Before the bolls are formed the young 
shoots are “ bored ” by the caterpillars. Pupation 
takes place on the plant or in the ground. 
The bolls may be hand-picked as soon as signs of 
the attacks appear, but the chief control measure 
consists in the removal of all cotton bushes after 
the crop has been harvested, and in the destruction 
of all alternative food plants. 
Heliothis obsoleta, Fb., ( Noctuidae ). 
(“The American Boll-worm ”). 
The larvae of this moth feed on a large number 
of plants, but cause serious injury to cotton, maize 
and tobacco. 
Large numbers may be killed by the use of arsenical 
dusts. The removal of all alternative food plants 
is the best preventive. 
Sylepta derogata> Fb., ( Pyralidae ). 
(“The Cotton Leaf-roller”). 
The caterpillars of this moth roll and feed on the 
leaves, sometimes completely stopping the growth of 
the plant. By immediate attention, the attack can 
be stopped by the collection of the caterpillars and 
/ 1*4 
