( 25 ) 
’whom 160,658 were Indians and 61,089 Chinese. At 
the end of 1922 the total was 167,259 of whom Indians 
numbered 130,190 and Chinese 27,829. 
Current figures for the whole of Malaya are not 
available, but at the end of 1918 the total labour force 
on estates over 100 acres was 
Indians * 
Chinese 
Malays 
Javanese 
Others 
given as follows: — 
.. 210,028 
.. 101,345 
31,389 
21,538 
4,264 
Total . . 368,564 
The corresponding total at the end of 1922 pro- 
bably did not much exceed 300,000 of whom 190,000 
were Indians. 
The number of labourers employed by Government 
Departments in the Federated Malay States which 
rose to 30,000 in 1920 is now about 20,000, practically 
the same as in 1918, and of these the greater number, 
viz., 18,500 are Indians. 
The number employed by Public Departments in 
the Colony is about 13,000 of whom 8,000 are Indians, 
and 4,000 Chinese. 
30. Stability of the supply of labour has naturally 
conduced to a steady level of wages'. Wages inevitably 
fluctuate with times of prosperity and depression but 
these fluctuations have been kept in check in Malaya 
by the nature of the labour supply. 
The actual rate of wages varies according to the 
locality, the class of labour and the nature of the 
■work. 
/if=? 
