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of Upas, such curious legends grew up in Europe, 
report saying that it was so deadly that a near 
approach to it meant death for man or beast. Other 
substances, mostly vegetable, but sometimes animal 
(such as snake poison) or mineral, are often mixed 
with the venom, but Ipoh sap is always its basis. 
In shooting, a dart is inserted into the blowpipe 
via its mouthpiece and a wad of vegetable fluff 
packed in behind the dart-head. The blowpipe is 
grasped with both hands near the mouth-piece and 
the dart expelled by a vigorous puff. 
But little evidence has yet come to light with 
regard to Sakai religion. As among the Negritos 
the spot where a death occurs is immediately de- 
serted, and the house of the deceased is usually 
burnt. This is another factor militating against 
progress among the Sakai. 
Shamanism is well developed and the leaders 
of this cult are credited with the ability of becoming 
tigers at will. In the Batang Padang District of 
Perak the shaman performs his rites within a magic 
circle of rattan which is suspended from a roof-beam 
within the house and the performance is, in some 
places, conducted in darkness. 
Ideas of a supreme deity exist, but they appear 
to be hazy. There is some reason for identifying 
him, or connecting him, with the sun. 
The Jakun. The Jakun, or pagan Malays, are to 
be found in their greatest purity in 
the south of the Peninsula, chiefly in the State of 
Johore, but in the states of Negri Sembilan and 
Selangor on the west, and Pahang on the east, there 
are numerous aboriginal groups which are of mixed 
stock, crosses in varying degree between the Sakai 
