532 Eng lev. — Plants of the Northern Temperate Zone in their 
Southern Europe ; but also in examining Central European specimens, one 
sees var. elatius , Peterm., or var. nemorale , Uechtritz, having long internodes 
and leaves sometimes 1*5-2 cm. wife; further var. fontanum^ (Baumg.) 
GuYke( — vdLY.alpinum, Mert.et Koch = var. macrocarpum , Fenzl — longirostre, 
Wichura). Var. elatius occurs also in Japan. 
The Berlin Herbarium contains several specimens from the Himalaya, 
India, Ceylon, and Java. These specimens, having been collected in moun- 
tainous regions (some of them by Prof. Warburg), more or less match the 
C. vulgatum as figured by Wight, leones, 948/153 ; that is, they have the 
leaves not only broad but also short, so that the length is only one and 
a half or twice the width. For this plant, belonging undoubtedly, as far 
as I can see, to caespitosum , yet differing in various directions, I propose the 
name var. Wightii , Engl., foliis ovalibus vel late ellipticis 2-2*5 cm. longis, 
i-i* 2 cm. latis. 
A dwarfed form of this variety, collected on Merapi, Java, by Warburg, 
is only 3 cm. in height. 
C. caespitosum , Gilib., is another frequent plant of the mountains of 
Abyssinia, where it presents three varieties. The first one, var. 
octandrum , (Hochst.) Engl., is superficially almost identical with acute- 
leaved forms of the European C. caespitosum ; but the flowers are 
almost always tetramerous ! This plant was gathered by Schimper 
near Amogai, at 2,200 m., in fields and along road-sides, near Adoa, 
near Gaffat at 2,600 m. in fields and meadows, also near Debra Eski 
at 3,000 m. In this variety the petals are constantly a little shorter than 
the sepals. 
Flowers identical but 5-merous are to be seen in a plant distributed 
in moist woods of Galla Highland, and collected by Dr. Ellenbeck and 
O. Neumann. It corresponds somewhat to var. elatius , Peterm., of the 
European forests, but has always acute leaves, as shown only rarely by the 
European form ; the inflorescences are also more developed, being provided, 
at the same time, with longer internodes than those of var. elatius . I name 
this plant var. scandens , Engl., caulibus scandentibus usque 5 dm. 
longis, foliis oblongo-ellipticis acutis ; inflorescentia elongata 5-12 cm. 
longa multiflora. 
Hab. in the country of the Arussi Galla at the high plateau near 
Jidah at 2,600 m. a. s. 1 . (Ellenbeck) and in Sidamo, near Awara, on meadows 
close to the bamboo-forest, at 3,100 m. (O. Neumann). 
A third variety, simense, (Hochst.) Engl., having elliptical acute leaves 
and looser or more contracted inflorescences, is hardly to be distinguished 
from certain European plants. It grows on the Bachit, Abyssinia 
(Schimper, It. Abyss., Sect. II. 756). On the Dedjen, at about the same 
elevation, it passes gradually into a dwarf form of 2-5 cm. in height only, 
having short internodes and crowded flowers, sometimes also petals a little 
