exceedingly shy, never protruding their heads to feed during the day 
unless in darkness and perfectly undisturbed ; they evidently fed well, 
and made fresh cases whenever they required roomier abodes or those 
in use changed colour from decay ; indeed, the leaves of Cl inop odium, 
Origanum , and Solidago, from which they constructed them, were not 
of a nature to last long in a good condition ; it therefore seemed 
probable that in complete liberty the larvae would use any more suitable 
leaves for case making thev might happen to find ; and to test this idea 
I introduced some leaves of beech with their food, and they were not 
slow to appreciate this better material, as one larva after another 
constructed a new residence, and before long they were all occupying 
cases cut from beech. 
On one occasion I chanced to surprise a larva, three parts grown, 
lying along the midrib on the upper surface of a beech leaf, engaged 
in spinning a great number of silk threads, close together and parallel, 
from one side to the other as a foundation for a new case, — I had only 
just observed this, and that the sides of the leaves were drawing upwards, 
when I was called away for a little while, — and on my return found a 
large oval piece of the leaf the size of a pigeon’s egg had been neatly 
cut out and drawn closely together at the edges into a well fashioned 
elongate, plump, pasty-like case, having a circular hole of egress at both 
ends ; all the cases were of similar form, and varied but little in size 
after the last were made, nearly an inch long by almost three-eighths 
across the broad middle. 
Latterly, indications appeared of some of the larvae being nearly or 
quite full-fed, as 1 found some cases attached by silk threads to the 
mar joram and basil, when I added a few leaves of Teucrium scorodonia, 
and this the few still feeding appeared to relish so much as to care but 
little for their previous diet ; all but one were full fed by 9th of Septem- 
ber, and that last one on the 19th : they had moored their cases, destined 
for puparia, to some of the neighbouring leaves with threads of 
brownish silk ; and one hole of each case had disappeared by the 
edges being drawn closely together, the other hole evenly plugged up 
with silk ; in one instance the case was strongly moored near either 
end across the under edge of a beech leaf from which a large oval piece 
had been cut away as material for a similar construction, an interesting 
example Mr. Jeffery gave me to figure. 
Most unexpectedly, when I chanced to look into their cages on 
the 16th of November, I found in one a ? , apparently just out of pupa, 
and in another found a second ? , equally perfect, while at the bottom 
lav a dead J specimen partly discoloured. 
